Abstract: A catheter comprising: a shaft (1) having a proximal end (2) and a distal end (3), the distal end terminating in a tip (4); a drainage opening (7) located at the distal end of the shaft, the drainage opening communicating with a drainage lumen (8) of the shaft; a balloon located at the distal end of the shaft, the balloon comprising a first region secured to the shaft, a second region secured to the shaft and an elastic-walled conduit extending between the first region and the second region, the elastic conduit extending over the tip.

Abstract: A catheter comprising: a shaft (1) having a proximal end (2) and a distal end (3), the distal end terminating in a tip (4); a drainage opening (7) located at the distal end of the shaft, the drainage opening communicating with a drainage lumen (8) of the shaft; a balloon located at the distal end of the shaft, the balloon comprising a first region secured to the shaft, a second region secured to the shaft and an elastic-walled conduit extending between the first region and the second region, the elastic conduit extending over the tip.

Abstract: A catheter comprising: a shaft (1) having a proximal end (2) and a distal end (3), the distal end terminating in a tip (4); a drainage opening (7) located at the distal end of the shaft, the drainage opening communicating with a drainage lumen (8) of the shaft; a balloon located at the distal end of the shaft, the balloon comprising a first region secured to the shaft, a second region secured to the shaft and an elastic-walled conduit extending between the first region and the second region, the elastic conduit extending over the tip.

Abstract: A method for compensating for changes in output power or wavelength of an optical source with temperature. Many optical sources have power and/or wavelength variations with temperature which can be compensated by open- or closed-loop methods if a method of accurately measuring the optical source temperature is available. The voltage across a semiconductor junction varies with temperature. Measuring the optical source power or wavelength variation with temperature and tracking the voltage across the semiconductor junction provides a means for compensating an instrument for temperature induced optical output power or wavelength variations. An important field of application is optical density or turbidity measurements in cellular media.

Abstract: A method for compensating for changes in output power or wavelength of an optical source with temperature. Many optical sources have power and/or wavelength variations with temperature which can be compensated by open- or closed-loop methods if a method of accurately measuring the optical source temperature is available. The voltage across a semiconductor junction varies with temperature. Measuring the optical source power or wavelength variation with temperature and tracking the voltage across the semiconductor junction provides a means for compensating an instrument for temperature induced optical output power or wavelength variations. An important field of application is optical density or turbidity measurements in cellular media.

Abstract: A circularizated semiconductor laser diode (CSLD), such as for example a vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) may be used for optical measurements. The CSLD may be used in a cell density probe to perform cell density determination and/or turbidity determination, such as in a biotech, fermentation, or other optical absorbance application. The cell density probe may comprise a probe tip section made from a polytetrafluoroethylene material, which provides sealability, ease of manufacture, durability, cleanability, optical semi-transparency at visible and near infrared wavelengths, and other advantages. The probe tip advantageously provides an optical gap that allows for in situ measurements of optical measurements including but not limited to absorbance, scattering, and fluorescence.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for thermal transfer overcoat technology. Throughput conditions are anticipated. Multi-stage preheating of the fuser is performed such that active heating during thermal transfer overcoat is eliminated. Thermal waves create an accumulated fuser heat that is a sufficient energy to maintain a substantially constant fuser temperature needed for one whole thermal transfer overcoat cycle.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for thermal transfer overcoat technology. Throughput conditions are anticipated. Multi-stage preheating of the fuser is performed such that active heating during thermal transfer overcoat is eliminated. Thermal waves create an accumulated fuser heat that is a sufficient energy to maintain a substantially constant fuser temperature needed for one whole thermal transfer overcoat cycle.