Abstract: The technology disclosed in this specification pertains to pectin containing cellulosic materials. The cellulosic material is modified so that it can form strong gels when dispersed in aqueous solution. Also disclosed are methods for modifying the cellulosic materials, including, at least in some embodiments, methods to monitor changes in the infrared spectrum of the cellulosic material that happen during a modification reaction to control the reaction and obtain end products capable of making gels having the desired gel strength.

Abstract: A first portion of a video item is transmitted using a first encoding profile. The first encoding profile is a first set of one or more first video representations of the video item having first image quality characteristics. Viewer information including at least one of a viewer quantity for the video item or a viewer playback platform distribution for the video item is receiving during transmitting the video item. A second encoding profile is determined based on the at least one of the viewer quantity or the viewer playback platform distribution. The second encoding profile is a second set of one or more second video representations of the video item having second image quality characteristics. The second image quality characteristics include a selected image quality characteristic that is not included in the first image quality characteristics. A second portion of the video item is transmitted using the second encoding profile.

Abstract: The invention provides a shoe having a built-in, electronic wear indicator device capable of signaling (a) extent of shoe sole wear, (b) loss of ability to cushion and absorb shock, and (c) a need to replace the shoe. The wear indicator device comprises (a) a sensor and microprocessor which can measure and report the use history of the shoe, (b) a wear indicator display which shows the consumer the current point in the shoe's life cycle and (c) a power source. The wear indicator device is installed between the midsole and outsole during the manufacturing process and is therefore, built-in and unobtrusive to the user.

Abstract: The invention provides a shoe having a built-in, electronic wear indicator device capable of signaling (a) extent of shoe sole wear, (b) loss of ability to cushion and absorb shock, and (c) a need to replace the shoe. The wear indicator device comprises (a) a sensor and microprocessor which can measure and report the use history of the shoe, (b) a wear indicator display which shows the consumer the current point in the shoe's life cycle and (c) a power source. The wear indicator device is installed between the midsole and outsole during the manufacturing process and is therefore, built-in and unobtrusive to the user.