Abstract: A multilayered structure is provided. The multilayered structure may include a silicon substrate and a film of gadolinium oxide disposed on the silicon substrate. The top surface of the silicon substrate may have silicon orientated in the 100 direction (Si(100)) and the gadolinium oxide disposed thereon may have an orientation in the 100 direction (Gd2O3(100)).

Abstract: A multilayered structure is provided. The multilayered structure may include a silicon substrate and a film of gadolinium oxide disposed on the silicon substrate. The top surface of the silicon substrate may have silicon orientated in the 100 direction (Si(100)) and the gadolinium oxide disposed thereon may have an orientation in the 100 direction (Gd2O3(100)).

Abstract: A multilayered structure is provided. The multilayered structure may include a silicon substrate and a film of gadolinium oxide disposed on the silicon substrate. The top surface of the silicon substrate may have silicon orientated in the 100 direction (Si(100)) and the gadolinium oxide disposed thereon may have an orientation in the 100 direction (Gd2O3(100)).

Abstract: A multilayered structure is provided. The multilayered structure may include a silicon substrate and a film of gadolinium oxide disposed on the silicon substrate. The top surface of the silicon substrate may have silicon orientated in the 100 direction (Si(100)) and the gadolinium oxide disposed thereon may have an orientation in the 100 direction (Gd2O3(100)).

Abstract: Techniques and apparatus inhibit, limit, or remove biofouling and certain inorganic accumulations, to increase the longevity of accurate in-situ oceanographic and other underwater measurements and transducing processes. The invention deters formation of an initial bacterial layer and other precipitation, without harming the environment. The invention integrates an ultrasonic source into a sensor or other device, or its supporting structures. The ultrasonic source vibrates one or more critical surfaces of the device at a frequency and amplitude that dislodge early accumulations, thus preventing the rest of the fouling sequence. The ultrasonic driver is activated for short periods and low duty cycles, and in some cases preferably while the device is not operating.

Abstract: A maintenance tool for a gas turbine engine includes a housing coupled to the gas turbine engine, and a drive portion inserted at least partially through the housing. The drive portion is configured to enable the gas turbine engine to be selectively rotated during non-operational periods. Moreover, the maintenance tool is coupled to the gas turbine engine during normal operation.

Abstract: A fuel tank for a self propelled motor vehicle includes first and second fuel ingress conduits each attached at one end to the fuel tank and at the other end to the side of the motor vehicle, preferably on opposite sides of the motor vehicle. The first and second fuel ingress conduits are arranged with respect to the motor vehicle to facilitate filling of the fuel tank from a fuel source positioned external to the motor vehicle on either side of the motor vehicle.

Abstract: Control data is communicated utilizing a multi-frame format that consists of individual frames each having a number of rows and columns. As each row is received from a transmitting unit, the data and position of the row within a frame is verified by use of a checksum and is immediately utilized by the receiving unit. This reduces the amount of storage that must be provided by the receiving unit for the reception of control information to that of a single row. In addition to verifying the row identification, the identity of each frame within the multi-frame is also verified before an individual row is utilized. In a first embodiment, the operation of generating the checksum is seeded with the current row number. In a second embodiment, the operation of generating the checksum is seeded with the result of an Exclusive OR operation of the current row number and frame number.

Abstract: A combined compact disc/radio system for an automobile includes a multiple compact disc player, a radio receiver, and a controller. The multiple compact disc player is provided with a magazine having n individual slots for storing n compact discs. The controller has a bezel provided with an eject button, a load button, n memory buttons each corresponding to a respective one of the slots, an information display area, and a single compact disc opening for inserting and removing compact discs from the multiple compact disc player. The memory buttons function as radio tuning preset station memory switches when the radio receiver is operating and function to identify slots to be loaded and unloaded when the multiple compact disc player is operating.

Abstract: A method of assembling a heart valve is provided for use with an inner and a spreadable outer stent. The outer stent is mounted onto a spreading tool including a spreading ring, and expander, and a plunger. A protective cap is placed over the outer stent and plunger to prevent relative rotation of the outer stent to the expander prior to the complete spreading of the outer stent. The inner stent, with tissue wrapped thereon, is mounted onto an insertion tool including a mandrel having a plurality of guide rails for mating with slots of the spreading ring, wherein the guide rails in the slots provide axial and radial alignment of the inner and outer stents. The mandrel holding the inner stent is inserted through the spreading ring holding the outer stent, thereby releasing the mated stents from the spreading ring and mandrel and securely clamping the tissue between the stents.

Abstract: A lightweight, compact lighting device, which may be detachably, rotatably attached to an earpiece of a pilot's earphone headset or to a military pilot's helmet, is primarily designed for use by pilots in the event of a blackout in the cockpit of an aircraft. The search and survival light is convenient to switch off and on by simply rotating a switch activator near the front of the device. The lighting device may be constructed separately for attachment to an earphone or it may be manufactured as an integral portion of a headphone earpiece. In another embodiment, a bracket is included for holding a compass and the device includes a fibre optic cable to light to the compass.

Abstract: A rotary threaded penetrator bolt means having a tubular hollow pin therein is employed to contact against a hardened cylindrical punch means to linearly advance the punch without rotation thereof through the wall thickness of the fluid containing member desired to be pierced. In such arrangement, if the wall thickness of the fluid containing member is sufficiently great, it may be desirable to pre-drill a punch receiving cylindrical recess therein prior to operation of the penetrator bolt means.