Abstract: Method and seismic source for generating seismic waves in a borehole. The seismic source includes a housing; an actuator mechanism located inside the housing and configured to generate a fluctuating pressure; a flexible membrane attached to the housing and configured to hold a fluid; and a coupling device covered by the flexible membrane and configured to generate a static pressure on the flexible membrane.

Abstract: Computing device, software and method for calibrating pilot and drive signals of a marine seismic source array using measured data. The method includes receiving a source array geometry and a model of the source array; estimating an initial overall response of the source array based on numerical simulations, the model of the source array, and the source array geometry; generating the pilot and drive signals for the source array based on the initial overall response; determining individual responses of the source elements, which form the source array, based on the source array geometry, the model of the source array, and first measured data; calculating an actual overall response of the source array based on the pilot and drive signals, the model of the source array and second measured data; and adjusting the pilot and drive signals based on the actual overall response of the source array.

Abstract: A seismic source system that includes a command vessel; a flotilla including plural unmanned surface vessels (USVs); and plural source elements configured to be deployed to a given depth in water to generate seismic waves. Each USV is connected through an umbilical to one or more of the plural source elements, and wherein the command vessel controls a shooting position and a shooting time of the one or more of the plural source elements.

Abstract: Computing device, software and method for calibrating pilot and drive signals of a marine seismic source array using measured data. The method includes receiving a source array geometry and a model of the source array; estimating an initial overall response of the source array based on numerical simulations, the model of the source array, and the source array geometry; generating the pilot and drive signals for the source array based on the initial overall response; determining individual responses of the source elements, which form the source array, based on the source array geometry, the model of the source array, and first measured data; calculating an actual overall response of the source array based on the pilot and drive signals, the model of the source array and second measured data; and adjusting the pilot and drive signals based on the actual overall response of the source array.

Abstract: A seismic device for recording seismic waves includes a housing to be located in a fill-in material and/or a formation, a first assembly located inside the housing, and a first anchor attached to the first assembly and exiting through the housing to contact the fill-in material and/or the formation. The first assembly is configured to measure a quantity indicative of a strain experienced by the formation due to the seismic waves.

Abstract: A method for performing a seismic survey using at least one carrier which includes a seismic source. The method includes: deploying each of the at least one carriers by the delivery vehicle, wherein each of the at least one carriers includes: a plurality of supports configured to enable a baseplate to contact ground, wherein the baseplate is formed by each foot of the plurality of supports; a seismic source which includes a lower portion configured to push through unconsolidated materials and configured to contact the ground; and a power source configured to operate the seismic source; and transmitting at least one seismic signal from the seismic source.

Abstract: Method and seismic source for generating seismic waves in a borehole. The seismic source includes a housing; an actuator mechanism located inside the housing and configured to generate a fluctuating pressure; a flexible membrane attached to the housing and configured to hold a fluid; and a coupling device covered by the flexible membrane and configured to generate a static pressure on the flexible membrane.

Abstract: A method for the simultaneous operation of multiple seismic vibrators using unique modified pseudorandom sweeps and recovery of the transmission path response from each vibrator is disclosed. The vibrator sweeps are derived from pseudorandom binary sequences modified to be weakly correlated over a time window of interest, spectrally shaped and amplitude level compressed. Cross-correlation with each pilot signal is used to perform an initial separation of the composite received signal data set. Recordings of the motion of each vibrator are also cross-correlated with each pilot, windowed, and transformed to form a source cross-spectral density matrix in the frequency domain useful for source signature removal and for additional crosstalk-suppression between the separated records. After source signature removal in the frequency domain an inverse transform is applied to produce an estimate of each source-to-receiver earth response in the time domain.

Abstract: An accelerometer located on the pad of a vibratory seismic source provides a signal for comparison with the sweep signal which controls the vibrator. The error function representing the difference between the phases of these two signals is used to adjust the phase of the vibrator so as to maintain the vibrator in synchronism with the sweep signal. Prior to comparison with the sweep signal, the accelerometer output is conditioned by a tracking bandpass filter having its center frequency slaved to the instantaneous sweep frequency. Those components of the accelerometer output signal having a frequency equal to the instantaneous sweep frequency are passed by the bandpass filter and are subjected to approximately 0.degree. phase shift through the filter.