Abstract: A multiple-layer laminated shingle and a method of making the shingle are provided, in which at least one adhesive of high temperature resistance is applied for securing the shingle layers together, to reduce reliance on a roofer having to fasten (via nails, staples or other fatteners) through a narrow headlap zone of a posterior shingle layer in order to secure the posterior shingle layer to a roof; such that a vertically wide portion of the headlap area of the anterior shingle layer is presented to the roofer as of nailing zone.

Abstract: A multiple-layer laminated shingle and a method of making the shingle are provided, in which at least one adhesive of high temperature resistance is applied for securing the shingle layers together, to reduce reliance on a roofer having to fasten (via nails, staples or other fatteners) through a narrow headlap zone of a posterior shingle layer in order to secure the posterior shingle layer to a roof; such that a vertically wide portion of the headlap area of the anterior shingle layer is presented to the roofer as of nailing zone.

Abstract: A multiple-layer laminated shingle and a method of making the shingle are provided, in which at least one thermal set adhesive of high temperature resistance is applied for securing the shingle layers together, to reduce reliance on a roofer having to fasten (via nails, staples or other fasteners) through a narrow headlap zone of a posterior shingle layer in order to secure the posterior shingle layer to a roof; such that a vertically wide portion of the headlap area of the anterior shingle layer is presented to the roofer as a nailing zone.

Abstract: A multiple-layer laminated shingle and a method of making the shingle are provided, in which at least one thermal set adhesive of high temperature resistance is applied for securing the shingle layers together, to reduce reliance on a roofer having to fasten (via nails, staples or other fasteners) through a narrow headlap zone of a posterior shingle layer in order to secure the posterior shingle layer to a roof; such that a vertically wide portion of the headlap area of the anterior shingle layer is presented to the roofer as a nailing zone.

Abstract: A multiple-layer laminated shingle and a method of making the shingle are provided, in which at least one adhesive of high temperature resistance is applied for securing the shingle layers together, to reduce reliance on a roofer having to fasten (via nails, staples or other fasteners) through a narrow headlap zone of a posterior shingle layer in order to secure the posterior shingle layer to a roof; such that a vertically wide portion of the headlap area of the anterior shingle layer is presented to the roofer as a nailing zone.

Abstract: Synthetic shingles are made and treated, such that upper surfaces thereof that are to be weather-exposed in the installed condition, are scuffed, abraded, or scraped in such a manner that different visual appearances occur between abraded zones and unabraded (or lesser abraded) depressions, to enhance the natural-appearing materials that the synthetic shingles are designed to resemble. The shingles and the abrading medium have motion relative to each other. The abrading medium may take on various forms, such as a roller, a brush, a pad, etc. Some portions of the upper surface of the shingle remain unabraded, preferably being those portions that are depressed relative to higher portions of the shingle. The shingle may be of a single layer construction, or a multi-layer laminate.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to the photovoltaic generation of electrical energy. The present invention relates more particularly to photovoltaic systems and roofing products for use in photovoltaically generating electrical energy. One aspect of the invention is a photovoltaic roofing element including: a roofing substrate; one or more photovoltaic elements disposed on the roofing substrate; a first electrical terminus and a second electrical terminus, the one or more photovoltaic elements being connected in series between the first electrical terminus and the second electrical terminus; a third electrical terminus and a fourth electrical terminus; and a return electrical path connecting the third electrical terminus to the fourth electrical terminus.

Abstract: Synthetic shingles are made and treated, such that upper surfaces thereof that are to be weather-exposed in the installed condition, are scuffed, abraded, or scraped in such a manner that different visual appearances occur between abraded zones and unabraded (or lesser abraded) depressions, to enhance the natural-appearing materials that the synthetic shingles are designed to resemble. The shingles and the abrading medium have motion relative to each other. The abrading medium may take on various forms, such as a roller, a brush, a pad, etc. Some portions of the upper surface of the shingle remain unabraded, preferably being those portions that are depressed relative to higher portions of the shingle. The shingle may be of a single layer construction, or a multi-layer laminate.

Abstract: A multiple-layer laminated shingle and a method of making the shingle are provided, in which at least one adhesive of high temperature resistance is applied for securing the shingle layers together, to reduce reliance on a roofer having to fasten (via nails, staples or the like) through a narrow headlap zone of a posterior shingle layer in order to secure the posterior shingle layer to a roof, such that a vertically wide portion of the headlap area of the anterior shingle layer is presented to the roofer as a nailing zone.

Abstract: A method of forming a foam-filled decorative muntin bar includes the steps of roll-forming a sheet of aluminum to form a hollow outer shell, and depositing a mixture of foaming components on the sheet of aluminum as it is being roll-formed, so the outer shell encases the mixture. The mixture is allowed to react, expand and harden to form a foamed material that substantially fills the shell. The filled shell is cut to form a segment of a foam-filmed decorative muntin bar of desired length with open ends.

Abstract: A decorative window assembly includes a peripheral frame, and a plurality of foam-filled decorative muntin bars interconnected in a grid which is connected to the peripheral frame. Each muntin bar includes an elongated outer shell with open ends and defining a hollow interior, and a foamed filler substantially filling the interior of the shell between the ends thereof.