Abstract: Engineered structure for charge storage. An electrolyte is disposed between two electrically conducting plates, each plate serving as a base for an aligned array of electrically conducting nanostructures extending from the surface of each plate into the electrolyte. The nanostructures have diameter and spacing comparable to the dimension of an ion of the electrolyte. An electrically insulating separator is disposed between the two plates. A CVD process (or other processes yielding similar results) is used to make the aligned array of electrically conducting nanostructures.

Abstract: A thermal emitter device includes a cavity structure that comprises an active medium for allowing thermal emissions to occur. A photonic crystal structure is positioned on one side of the cavity structure. The photonic crystal structure comprises alternating layers of high index and low index materials and acts as a first mirror for the cavity structure. A highly reflective mirror structure is positioned on another side of the cavity structure and acting as both the high-temperature source of radiation and a second mirror for the cavity structure.