Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for the electrochemical production of hydrogen, oxygen and metal hydroxide wherein the metal is derived from a metal silicate. The process involves the electrolysis of a metal salt solution where hydrogen and a metal hydroxide are produced at the cathode, and oxygen, or chlorine, and an acid are produced at the anode. The acid is reacted with a metal silicate producing a soluble metal salt and water that is used in turn to make solid or dissolved metal hydroxide. The net CO2 and acid gas emissions of the invention and its products may therefore be significantly reduced or turned negative.

Abstract: Methods and systems are described for removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere by adding CO2-reactive chemical base to a body of water in contact with the atmosphere, and determining the quantity of carbon dioxide removed from the atmosphere or prevented from reaching the atmosphere. The alkalinity addition to the body of water is controlled by a dosing apparatus capable of determining an amount of CO2-reactive alkalinity required for achieving a permissible target carbon dioxide removal. A rate of alkalinity flow is affected by input from sensors that monitor conditions in the body of water.

Abstract: A refuse body adapter includes a sub-frame assembly, a sub-frame adapter, and a spacer. The sub-frame assembly is configured to be coupled to a cargo body. The sub-frame adapter is configured to be coupled to a chassis of a vehicle. The spacer is coupled to both the sub-frame assembly and the sub-frame adapter. The spacer is disposed in a gap formed between the sub-frame assembly and the sub-frame adapter. A thickness of the spacer may be adjusted to accommodate different gap sizes between the sub-frame assembly and the sub-frame adapter.

Abstract: A refuse vehicle includes a chassis, a body coupled to the chassis, the body defining a refuse compartment, a tailgate detachably coupled to the body, and an electrical energy system, and a detachable electrical connection. A first portion of the electrical energy system is coupled to the tailgate. A second portion of the electrical energy system is coupled to the body. The detachable electrical connection is between the first portion and the second portion of the electrical energy system.

Abstract: A refuse body adapter includes a sub-frame assembly, a sub-frame adapter, and a spacer. The sub-frame assembly is configured to be coupled to a cargo body. The sub-frame adapter is configured to be coupled to a chassis of a vehicle. The spacer is coupled to both the sub-frame assembly and the sub-frame adapter. The spacer is disposed in a gap formed between the sub-frame assembly and the sub-frame adapter. A thickness of the spacer may be adjusted to accommodate different gap sizes between the sub-frame assembly and the sub-frame adapter.

Abstract: A refuse body adapter includes a sub-frame assembly, a sub-frame adapter, and a spacer. The sub-frame assembly is configured to be coupled to a cargo body. The sub-frame adapter is configured to be coupled to a chassis of a vehicle. The spacer is coupled to both the sub-frame assembly and the sub-frame adapter. The spacer is disposed in a gap formed between the sub-frame assembly and the sub-frame adapter. A thickness of the spacer may be adjusted to accommodate different gap sizes between the sub-frame assembly and the sub-frame adapter.

Abstract: A refuse body adapter includes a sub-frame assembly, a sub-frame adapter, and a spacer. The sub-frame assembly is configured to be coupled to a cargo body. The sub-frame adapter is configured to be coupled to a chassis of a vehicle. The spacer is coupled to both the sub-frame assembly and the sub-frame adapter. The spacer is disposed in a gap formed between the sub-frame assembly and the sub-frame adapter. A thickness of the spacer may be adjusted to accommodate different gap sizes between the sub-frame assembly and the sub-frame adapter.

Abstract: A platform for sequestering carbon dioxide using a body of water is described. The platform has a vessel for holding solid metal hydroxide and for exposing the solid metal hydroxide to a flow of water to create a solution of a metal hydroxide having a pH level. The solution containing metal hydroxide is released into the body of water, causing a reaction with the carbon dioxide present in the body of water, thereby producing metal carbonate/bicarbonate, thus sequestering the carbon dioxide. A choice of the metal in the metal hydroxide, a rate of the releasing the solution containing the metal hydroxide into the body of water, and a flow rate of the flow of water so that to substantially maintain the solution containing the metal hydroxide at the pH level that is defined as environmentally safe and not changing chemistry of seawater. A corresponding method is also provided.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for the electrochemical production of hydrogen, oxygen and metal hydroxide wherein the metal is derived from a metal silicate. The process involves the electrolysis of a metal salt solution where hydrogen and a metal hydroxide are produced at the cathode, and oxygen, or chlorine, and an acid are produced at the anode. The acid is reacted with a metal silicate producing a soluble metal salt and water that is used in turn to make solid or dissolved metal hydroxide. The net CO2 and acid gas emissions of the invention and its products may therefore be significantly reduced or turned negative.

Abstract: A refuse body adapter includes a sub-frame assembly, a sub-frame adapter, and a spacer. The sub-frame assembly is configured to be coupled to a cargo body. The sub-frame adapter is configured to be coupled to a chassis of a vehicle. The spacer is coupled to both the sub-frame assembly and the sub-frame adapter. The spacer is disposed in a gap formed between the sub-frame assembly and the sub-frame adapter. A thickness of the spacer may be adjusted to accommodate different gap sizes between the sub-frame assembly and the sub-frame adapter.

Abstract: A refuse body adapter includes a sub-frame assembly, a sub-frame adapter, and a spacer. The sub-frame assembly is configured to be coupled to a cargo body. The sub-frame adapter is configured to be coupled to a chassis of a vehicle. The spacer is coupled to both the sub-frame assembly and the sub-frame adapter. The spacer is disposed in a gap formed between the sub-frame assembly and the sub-frame adapter. A thickness of the spacer may be adjusted to accommodate different gap sizes between the sub-frame assembly and the sub-frame adapter.