Abstract: An optoelectronic device, such as a solar cell, light-emitting device, or photodetector, comprises a substrate, a number of fibers supported by the substrate so that an end of each fiber is in electrical communication with the substrate surface; an optional first layer, covering the substrate, though which the fibers protrude, and a second layer overlaid on at least part of the first layer and exposed fiber surfaces. The second layer may be electrically conducting, and electrically isolated from the substrate surface by the first layer. The second layer can be in electrical communication with each fiber, and an electrically conducting path can exists between the second layer and the substrate surface through each fiber. The substrate, in whole or in part (such as the substrate surface) can be electrically conducting.

Abstract: An optoelectronic device, such as a solar cell, light-emitting device, or photodetector, comprises a substrate, a number of fibers supported by the substrate so that an end of each fiber is in electrical communication with the substrate surface; an optional first layer, covering the substrate, though which the fibers protrude, and a second layer overlaid on at least part of the first layer and exposed fiber surfaces. The second layer may be electrically conducting, and electrically isolated from the substrate surface by the first layer. The second layer can be in electrical communication with each fiber, and an electrically conducting path can exists between the second layer and the substrate surface through each fiber. The substrate, in whole or in part (such as the substrate surface) can be electrically conducting.

Abstract: An optoelectronic device, such as a solar cell, light-emitting device, or photodetector, comprises a substrate, a number of fibers supported by the substrate so that an end of each fiber is in electrical communication with the substrate surface; an optional first layer, covering the substrate, though which the fibers protrude, and a second layer overlaid on at least part of the first layer and exposed fiber surfaces. The second layer may be electrically conducting, and electrically isolated from the substrate surface by the first layer. The second layer can be in electrical communication with each fiber, and an electrically conducting path can exists between the second layer and the substrate surface through each fiber. The substrate, in whole or in part (such as the substrate surface) can be electrically conducting.

Abstract: A method of flocking a surface, and treating the flocking, achieves a decorative effect when applied to toys where the invention may be used to simulate different types of human and animal hair and fur. After applying an adhesive to a surface to be flocked, a group of flocking particles are directed onto the surface, and the result is modified using alternative techniques to achieve the desired effect. In one embodiment, the particles are in the form of fibers which “ball up” upon the application of heat, and the outwardly exposed ends of the particles are flame-treated to create a kinky appearance. Nylon fibers are suitable in this case. In an alternative embodiment, an adhesive is applied to the flocking particles attached to the surface, and additional flocking particles are applied to the adhesive-coated fibers. As further alternative embodiment, air pressure is applied to the particles before the adhesive cures, so that the particles assume a preferred orientation with respect to the surface.

Abstract: A multi-step process promotes an even distribution of glitter particles while providing a uniform texture and appearance even with respect to non-planar and volumetric surfaces. A pneumatic spray is preferably used to urge the particles against the article and into a selectably applied adhesive while rotating and vibrating the article utilizing a suitable electromechanical transducer. The surface is then wiped to knock down particles which may have been standing on edge, preferably using an air spray at an acute angle relative to the surface. With the particles substantially flat against the surface, the adhesive is cured, and any excess particles are blown off. Following this, a passivating overcoat may be applied.