Abstract: The use of arrays of light emitting diodes (LEDs) emitting in the ultraviolet spectrum (UV-LEDs) for disinfection of large-scale water flow. An irradiation chamber can utilize the high power density of UV-LEDs arranged into a planar array. irradiating fluid flowing through a cylindrical irradiation chamber. formed of a transmissive material. The transmissive irradiation chamber may be enclosed within a secondary optical chamber of a reflective material. or coated or covered with a reflective material. The cylindrical irradiation chamber allows for the deployment of vortex generators to introduce a swirling laminar flow region which causes the flow to spiral along the length of the irradiation chamber to equalize UV exposure between hot spots and dark regions or irradiation.

Abstract: Water disinfecting modules, water supply systems, methods of assembling a water supply system as well as method of disinfecting water are provided. The water disinfecting module includes a frame, hot and cold water flow switches and hot and cold UV treatment modules is provided. The frame supports a hot and cold water inlets and hot and cold water outlets. Hot and cold water flow switches are fluidly interposed between the respective inlets and outlets for sensing water flow. Hot and cold water UV treatment modules are fluidly interposed between corresponding inlets and outlets and are coupled to flow switches for activation upon sensing of water flow. All of the components are supported by the frame to form a complete unit. The systems and methods incorporate the use of such a water disinfecting module.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for irradiating a fluid containing a material to be irradiated, comprising at least one irradiation chamber having at least one inlet port and outlet port, at least one fluid cooling chamber having at least one inlet port and outlet port, one or more UV radiation sources coupled to the irradiation chamber(s); and at least one heat exchange mechanism thermally coupled to the radiation source(s) and the cooling chamber(s). At least a portion of the interior surface of the cooling chamber(s) may comprise at least a portion of the exterior surface of the irradiation chamber(s) so the cooling chamber(s) is in fluid communication with the irradiation chamber(s).

Abstract: Water disinfecting modules, water supply systems, methods of assembling a water supply system as well as method of disinfecting water are provided. The water disinfecting module includes a frame, hot and cold water flow switches and hot and cold UV treatment modules is provided. The frame supports a hot and cold water inlets and hot and cold water outlets. Hot and cold water flow switches are fluidly interposed between the respective inlets and outlets for sensing water flow. Hot and cold water UV treatment modules are fluidly interposed between corresponding inlets and outlets and are coupled to flow switches for activation upon sensing of water flow. All of the components are supported by the frame to form a complete unit. The systems and methods incorporate the use of such a water disinfecting module.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for irradiating a fluid containing a material to be irradiated, comprising at least one irradiation chamber having at least one inlet port and outlet port, at least one fluid cooling chamber having at least one inlet port and outlet port, one or more UV radiation sources coupled to the irradiation chamber(s); and at least one heat exchange mechanism thermally coupled to the radiation source(s) and the cooling chamber(s). At least a portion of the interior surface of the cooling chamber(s) may comprise at least a portion of the exterior surface of the irradiation chamber(s) so the cooling chamber(s) is in fluid communication with the irradiation chamber(s).

Abstract: An apparatus and method for irradiating a fluid containing a material to be irradiated, comprising at least one irradiation chamber having at least one inlet port and outlet port, at least one fluid cooling chamber having at least one inlet port and outlet port, one or more UV radiation sources coupled to the irradiation chamber(s); and at least one heat exchange mechanism thermally coupled to the radiation source(s) and the cooling chamber(s). At least a portion of the interior surface of the cooling chamber(s) may comprise at least a portion of the exterior surface of the irradiation chamber(s) so the cooling chamber(s) is in fluid communication with the irradiation chamber(s).

Abstract: Water disinfecting modules, water supply systems, methods of assembling a water supply system as well as method of disinfecting water are provided. The water disinfecting module includes a frame, hot and cold water flow switches and hot and cold UV treatment modules is provided. The frame supports a hot and cold water inlets and hot and cold water outlets. Hot and cold water flow switches are fluidly interposed between the respective inlets and outlets for sensing water flow. Hot and cold water UV treatment modules are fluidly interposed between corresponding inlets and outlets and are coupled to flow switches for activation upon sensing of water flow. All of the components are supported by the frame to form a complete unit. The systems and methods incorporate the use of such a water disinfecting module.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for irradiating a fluid containing a material to be irradiated, comprising at least one irradiation chamber having at least one inlet port and outlet port, at least one fluid cooling chamber having at least one inlet port and outlet port, one or more UV radiation sources coupled to the irradiation chamber(s); and at least one heat exchange mechanism thermally coupled to the radiation source(s) and the cooling chamber(s). At least a portion of the interior surface of the cooling chamber(s) may comprise at least a portion of the exterior surface of the irradiation chamber(s) so the cooling chamber(s) is in fluid communication with the irradiation chamber(s).

Abstract: An apparatus and method for irradiating a fluid containing a material to be irradiated, comprising at least one irradiation chamber having at least one inlet port and outlet port, at least one fluid cooling chamber having at least one inlet port and outlet port, one or more UV radiation sources coupled to the irradiation chamber(s); and at least one heat exchange mechanism thermally coupled to the radiation source(s) and the cooling chamber(s). At least a portion of the interior surface of the cooling chamber(s) may comprise at least a portion of the exterior surface of the irradiation chamber(s) so the cooling chamber(s) is in fluid communication with the irradiation chamber(s).

Abstract: An apparatus and method for irradiating a fluid containing a material to be irradiated, comprising at least one irradiation chamber having at least one inlet port and outlet port, at least one fluid cooling chamber having at least one inlet port and outlet port, one or more UV radiation sources coupled to the irradiation chamber(s); and at least one heat exchange mechanism thermally coupled to the radiation source(s) and the cooling chamber(s). At least a portion of the interior surface of the cooling chamber(s) may comprise at least a portion of the exterior surface of the irradiation chamber(s) so the cooling chamber(s) is in fluid communication with the irradiation chamber(s).

Abstract: An apparatus and method for irradiating a fluid containing a material to be irradiated, comprising at least one irradiation chamber having at least one inlet port and outlet port, at least one fluid cooling chamber having at least one inlet port and outlet port, one or more UV radiation sources coupled to the irradiation chamber(s); and at least one heat exchange mechanism thermally coupled to the radiation source(s) and the cooling chamber(s). At least a portion of the interior surface of the cooling chamber(s) may comprise at least a portion of the exterior surface of the irradiation chamber(s) so the cooling chamber(s) is in fluid communication with the irradiation chamber(s).

Abstract: An apparatus and method for irradiating a fluid containing a material to be irradiated, comprising at least one irradiation chamber having at least one inlet port and outlet port, at least one fluid cooling chamber having at least one inlet port and outlet port, one or more UV radiation sources coupled to the irradiation chamber(s); and at least one heat exchange mechanism thermally coupled to the radiation source(s) and the cooling chamber(s). At least a portion of the interior surface of the cooling chamber(s) may comprise at least a portion of the exterior surface of the irradiation chamber(s) so the cooling chamber(s) is in fluid communication with the irradiation chamber(s).

Abstract: A communication device and method of screen scaling dissimilar resolutions across communication devices is disclosed. A communications device includes a physical display configured to display graphics having a physical display resolution, a communications interface configured to provide an interface with a peer communications device for graphics having a predetermined resolution different from the physical display resolution, and a processor configured to scale graphics between the physical display resolution required by the physical display and the predetermined resolution for the communications interface.

Abstract: An adapter that buffers received symbols and automatically determines and corrects for skew between lanes is disclosed. In one embodiment, the adapter is a part of a network that includes a first and second devices coupled together by a communications link having multiple independent serial lanes. The first device initiates communication by repeatedly transmitting a training sequence that includes a start symbol for each lane. An adapter in the second device includes a set of buffers each configured to receive the symbols conveyed by a corresponding serial lane. The buffers are coupled to a reconstruction circuit that removes one “symbol group” at a time from the buffers. A symbol group is made up of one symbol from each buffer. The reconstruction circuit removes symbol groups until a start symbol is detected. If the start symbol is not detected in all buffers, output from the buffers having start symbols is temporarily suspended.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for performing minimally invasive hip replacement surgery using a T-handle ruler to make measurements inside the surgical site to assist in implanting a prosthetic femoral hip into the intramedullary canal of the natural femur. The ruler has an elongated central body and two measuring ends that are angled with respect to the central body.

Abstract: An electrical connector, such as a bushing insert, includes a housing with an inner bore, opposite ends. One end has an opening providing access to the inner bore. A piston-contact element is movable between first and second axially spaced positions within the inner bore. During fault closure or short circuit conditions, the piston-contact element accelerates connection with a male contact of an electrical connector, such as a cable connector, thereby inhibiting the formation of flashover or electrical arc.

Abstract: An electrical connector, such as a bushing insert, includes a housing with an inner bore, opposite ends. One end has an opening providing access to the inner bore. A piston-contact element is movable between first and second axially spaced positions within the inner bore. During fault closure or short circuit conditions, the piston-contact element accelerates connection with a male contact of an electrical connector, such as a cable connector, thereby inhibiting the formation of flashover or electrical arc.

Abstract: A multi-lane link that automatically detects if the lanes in the link have been reordered and corrects the order of the lanes. In one embodiment, the link includes a transmitter and a receiver. The receiver is configured to receive a plurality of lanes and includes a receiver logic circuit configured to receive signals from each of the plurality of lanes. Lane misordering is corrected during a training sequence in which a first training sequence and a second training sequence are bilaterally transmitted between the transmitter and receiver. The receiver monitors the training sequence for symbols that are unique to each lane and if an unexpected symbol is detected in the lane, the receiver logic circuit will correct the order of the lanes. The link further comprises a transmitter logic circuit configured to transmit signals to the lanes. The transmitter logic circuit is configured to reorder the sequence of the signals transmitted to the lanes if the transmitter does not detect a response from the receiver.

Abstract: A disconnector assembly is provided for an arrester. A non-conductive housing has first and second opposite ends separated by an internal chamber. A first electrical terminal is connected at the first end. A second electrical terminal is connected at the second end. A capacitor engages and extends between the first and second terminals in the internal chamber. A sparkgap is electrically parallel the capacitor between the first and second terminals. A cartridge with an explosive charge is positioned in the internal chamber, and the cartridge is electrically parallel the capacitor and electrically in series with the sparkgap.

Abstract: An adapter configured to automatically detect and compensate for differential signal inversion is herein disclosed. In one embodiment, the adapter is part of a computer network having differential conductor pairs conveying differential signals between network devices. The network devices include adapters coupled to transmit and receive signals via the differential conductor pairs. The adapter preferably includes a lane receiver, a decoder, and a synchronization circuit. The lane receiver is configured to receive a single differential signal and to convert the differential signal into a sequence of code symbols. The decoder decodes the code symbols to produce a sequence of received symbols. The synchronization circuit examines the sequence of received symbols to determine if it is incorrect due to inversion of the differential signal, and if so, it causes the lane receiver to correct for the differential signal inversion.