Abstract: The invention comprises one or more gas volume fraction measurement devices operatively connected to one or more controllers and one or more deaeration mechanisms which receive control signals from said one or more controllers and perform an act on the system, such as by controlling a level of deaeration chemistry into some portion of the fermentation system. In one embodiment, the deaeration mechanism is an antifoam feed pump which pumps antifoam chemistry into a feed line of the fermenter in response to the measured gas volume fraction in the fermenter's recirculation loop, in an amount determined by the controller to be effective to reduce foaming and lower column height in the fermenter.

Abstract: The invention comprises one or more gas volume fraction measurement devices operatively connected to one or more controllers and one or more deaeration mechanisms which receive control signals from said one or more controllers and perform an act on the system, such as by controlling a level of deaeration chemistry into some portion of the fermentation system. In one embodiment, the deaeration mechanism is an antifoam feed pump which pumps antifoam chemistry into a feed line of the fermenter in response to the measured gas volume fraction in the fermenter's recirculation loop, in an amount determined by the controller to be effective to reduce foaming and lower column height in the fermenter.

Abstract: A system and method for reducing foaming in a wet scrubber system. The system utilizes a device for measuring the volume of entrained gas in the wet scrubbing system, and automatically or semi-automatically adjusting one or more process parameters including: a flow rate of antifoam/defoamer chemistry in said wet scrubber; a flow rate of flue gas; and a flow rate of fresh water. The system allows real-time monitoring and control of the foam in said wet scrubber.

Abstract: A shield is provided for a circuit breaker including a housing, a movable contact, a stationary contact, and an operating mechanism for moving the movable contact into and out of electrical contact with the stationary contact. The operating mechanism includes a crossbar, a biasing member, and a movable contact assembly. The movable contact assembly has a movable contact arm pivotably coupled to the crossbar, and includes a first end carrying the movable contact, and a second end biased by the biasing member, thereby biasing the movable contact toward the stationary contact. The shield comprises an elongated barrier element having an opening which receives the movable contact arm. The elongated barrier element is coupled to the operating mechanism crossbar proximate the second end of the movable contact arm in order to shield at least the biasing member. A movable contact assembly, and electrical switching apparatus are also provided.

Abstract: A one-pass primary tillage machine provides a combination of shallow and deep tillage, residue cutting and mixing, and clod size reduction and leveling of the field to prepare the field for the next planting season. A front group of flat coulters slice through the residue to reduce its size, followed by deep shanks that improve the tilth of the soil to a point below the intended planting depth. Following the shanks, a group of concavo-convex conditioning discs mix the residue with the soil, reduce clod size, and level the field.

Abstract: An emergency light source comprising a housing and an energizing circuit selectively operatively coupling LEDs to a battery power source is provided for lighting a selected area to provide at least twenty-four hours of continuous light when energized.