Abstract: An antenna includes a plurality of metallic components, the plurality of metallic components arranged to provide transmission of a high-power broadcast signal. The antenna further includes at least two of the plurality of metallic components being configured to be connected to one another, an insulating material arranged between the at least two of the plurality of metallic components, and nonmetallic mechanical fasteners holding the at least two of the plurality of metallic components together.

Abstract: A circularly polarized patch antenna uses a square quarter-wavelength conductive plate, spaced away from a slightly larger backing conductor. Excitation uses a coaxial feed stem pair, whereof respective inner conductors join the patch at orthogonal locations on a reference circle, and outer conductors intrude past points of joining to the backing conductor to establish gaps that interact with patch and backing conductor size and spacing to jointly establish terminal impedance. A parasitic element in the propagation path broadens bandwidth, while a frame behind serves to define a cavity reflector. A power divider behind the frame converts a single applied broadcast signal into two equal signals with orthogonal phase, which signals are delivered to the feed stems with equal-length coaxial lines.

Abstract: A panel antenna includes a microstrip-fed radiator array, each radiator being a crossed dipole, with the monopoles of the dipole being loops that are electrically closed and hybrid coupled to the adjacent loops within the radiator. The loops are spaced away from a ground plane. Each four loops and four support straps and a base can be cast as a single piece, for example, since the shorted ends of the support straps are a quarter wavelength away from the loops. The feed system uses asymmetric microstrip power dividers to provide branch feed to the dipoles. Coupling between the feed and the loops uses the support straps and terminates in a stub at the characteristic impedance. Each feed terminates so as to provide roughly a half wavelength of delay for the second monopole, making a differentially-driven dipole. The internal feed permits remote adjustment of phase.

Abstract: An antenna radiator is provided. The radiator includes four elements, each including a node, a first ring connected to the node, and a second ring connected to the node and disposed inside of and coplanar with the first ring. The first ring includes a first plurality of segments, and the second ring includes a second plurality of segments.

Abstract: A panel antenna includes a microstrip-fed radiator array, each radiator being a crossed dipole, with the monopoles of the dipole being loops that are electrically closed and hybrid coupled to the adjacent loops within the radiator. The loops are spaced away from a ground plane by approximately a quarter wavelength, using support straps that function as mechanical supports and couplers from the microstrip feed. Each four loops and four support straps and a base can be cast as a single piece, for example, since the shorted ends of the support straps are a quarter wavelength away from the loops. The feed system uses asymmetric microstrip power dividers to provide branch feed to the dipoles. Coupling between the feed and the loops uses the support straps and terminates in a stub that defines the impedance.

Abstract: An antenna radiator is provided. The radiator includes four elements, each including a node, a first ring connected to the node, and a second ring connected to the node and disposed inside of and coplanar with the first ring. The first ring includes a first plurality of segments, and the second ring includes a second plurality of segments.

Abstract: A circularly polarized patch antenna uses a square quarter-wavelength conductive plate, spaced away from a slightly larger backing conductor. Excitation uses a coaxial feed stem pair, whereof respective inner conductors join the patch at orthogonal locations on a reference circle, and outer conductors intrude past points of joining to the backing conductor to establish gaps that interact with patch and backing conductor size and spacing to jointly establish terminal impedance. A parasitic element in the propagation path broadens bandwidth, while a frame behind serves to define a cavity reflector. A power divider behind the frame converts a single applied broadcast signal into two equal signals with orthogonal phase, which signals are delivered to the feed stems with equal-length coaxial lines.

Abstract: A circularly-polarized antenna is provided, and includes a conductive backplane with a plurality of panels, a vertical array of patch radiators disposed on one of the backplane panels, and a feed stripline disposed on the backplane panel. The backplane panels are vertical, planar, rectangular and form a right prism. The vertical array has a radiator spacing of one wavelength, each radiator has a face and four edges, and each edge has a length of approximately one half wavelength. The feed stripline includes an input coupled to a coaxial feed cable, and a pair of outputs, orthogonal in position and phase, coupled to each of the radiators.

Abstract: An antenna radiator is provided. The radiator includes four elements, each including a node, a first ring connected to the node, and a second ring connected to the node and disposed inside of and coplanar with the first ring. The first ring includes a first plurality of segments, and the second ring includes a second plurality of segments.

Abstract: A super economical cellular communication system is provided. The system includes a plurality of base transceiver stations that define a plurality of respective cells. Each base transceiver station includes a phased-array antenna having six sectors arranged in a symmetric hexagonal configuration. Each sector has at least one group of vertically-arranged antenna panels, and each antenna panel has a plurality of vertically-arranged radiators disposed in at least two staggered columns.

Abstract: A broad-band monopole antenna for high voltage environments is provided. The monopole antenna includes a ground plane, a plurality of flat radiator elements and an electrical conductor. The ground plane has a flat upper surface, a lower surface, a smoothly-radiused outer edge and a hole centrally disposed through the upper and lower surfaces. Each flat radiator element has a thickness, a straight inner edge and a semicircular outer edge. The plurality of flat radiator elements are interconnected along each inner edge and symmetrically arranged about a vertical axis centered on the ground plane hole. The electrical connector extends through the ground plane hole and is coupled to the radiator elements.

Abstract: A rebroadcasting apparatus for mobile media includes a receiving antenna and a transmitting antenna. The signal to be rebroadcast is received with a circularly polarized directional antenna. The transmitting antenna has circular polarization opposite to the polarization of the receiving antenna. Amplifiers and filters may be included between receiving and transmitting antennas to regulate retransmitted signal quality. The transmitting antenna uses one or more bays of quasi-helical dipole radiators excited using manifold feed equipped with tuning paddles. The transmitting antenna may be formed from light-weight sheet metal or other readily mass-produced materials. The transmitting antenna may be housed within an ordinary security camera enclosure or similar radio-transparent housing.

Abstract: A circularly-polarized antenna is provided, and includes a conductive backplane with a plurality of panels, a vertical array of patch radiators disposed on one of the backplane panels, and a feed stripline disposed on the backplane panel. The backplane panels are vertical, planar, rectangular and form a right prism. The vertical array has a radiator spacing of one wavelength, each radiator has a face and four edges, and each edge has a length of approximately one half wavelength. The feed stripline includes an input coupled to a coaxial feed cable, and a pair of outputs, orthogonal in position and phase, coupled to each of the radiators.

Abstract: A bow-tie slot panel antenna is described, having a parasitic element positioned at an orientation from the slot to generate orthogonal fields. By adjusting the coupling ratios, dimensions and angle of orientation of the parasitic element, circularly polarized fields can be effectively produced, using the panel antenna as the primary radiator.

Abstract: A dual-port IBOC® antenna provides omnidirectional radiation of orthogonal, circularly polarized analog (FM) and digital (OFDM) signals using quadruple coplanar square loops driven from a hybrid having balanced outputs. The loops are arranged in a tiled square, with proximal sides functioning as further stripline hybrids to cancel cross coupling between the loops. Each loop quad is reflector-backed and emits a directional signal; multiple loop quads oriented radially form an omni bay. Vertical spacing between bays includes a minimum position for mutual coupling, while symmetry establishes uniform input impedance on the hybrid input ports. Tuning barbs on the loops fine tune frequency response. Bandwidth is wide, so that a single antenna can radiate multiple FM analog and hybrid IBOC® channels over the VHF FM radio broadcast band.

Abstract: A dual-port corporate-feed broadband antenna uses two pairs of crossed dipoles in each bay, fed by a single hybrid coupler in each bay, to support hybrid-mode IBOC® VHF-band broadcasting. Each 3 dB quarter-wave coupler receives a share of an analog FM broadcast signal on a first input and a digital OFDM broadcast signal, 20 dB down, on a second input. The respective coupler output ports drive coaxial lines to tees feeding respective quarter-wave-separated crossed dipoles. The dipoles in each bay are arranged in a square to one side of their coupler, making side mounting practical. The resultant omnidirectional analog and digital radiation patterns have the same circular polarization and opposite phase rotation. Bay spacing for vertical null is a function ((n?1)/n) of the number of bays in the antenna.

Abstract: A vertically polarized traveling wave antenna forms peanut-type directional lobes without significant nulls between the lobes. A self-supporting coaxial line feeds quad-dipole bays coupled around the coaxial line, with opposed dipole pairs spaced along the coaxial line. Matched-layer spacing provides substantial cancellation of the reactive components of the loads. Dipoles are oriented parallel to the coaxial line axis, with opposite “hot” (center coupled) elements oppositely oriented. Radiated signals have rotating phase. Changing the spacing within quads from a quarter wavelength or rotating the second dipole pair of each quad away from a right angle causes the antenna to radiate strongly on one axis and weakly at right angles thereto, without the nulls of back-to-back panel antennas.

Abstract: A circularly polarized, omnidirectional, corporate-feed pylon antenna uses multiple helically-oriented dipoles in each bay, and includes a vertical and diagonal support arrangement of simple structural shapes configured to provide a frame strong enough to sustain mechanical top loads applied externally. The radiators in each bay fit within the vertical supports. The radiators are integrally formed with cross-braces, and are fed with manifold feed straps incorporating tuning paddles. A single cylindrical radome surrounds the radiative parts and the vertical supports. The antenna admits of application to the upper L-band at the full FCC-allowed ERP. Beam tilt, null fill, and vertical null can be readily accommodated.

Abstract: A rebroadcasting apparatus for mobile media includes a receiving antenna and a transmitting antenna. The signal to be rebroadcast is received with a circularly polarized directional antenna. The transmitting antenna has circular polarization opposite to the polarization of the receiving antenna. Amplifiers and filters may be included between receiving and transmitting antennas to regulate retransmitted signal quality. The transmitting antenna uses one or more bays of quasi-helical dipole radiators excited using manifold feed equipped with tuning paddles. The transmitting antenna may be formed from light-weight sheet metal or other readily mass-produced materials. The transmitting antenna may be housed within an ordinary security camera enclosure or similar radio-transparent housing.

Abstract: A horizontally polarized, substantially omnidirectional broadband transmitting antenna uses parasitic dipoles to increase azimuthal circularity over frequency. Because the magnitude of nulls in the field strength increases with frequency, the dipoles are preferentially sized for optimum reradiation at the highest frequency expected for the antenna. For maximum reinforcement of signal strength in the nulls, the longitudinal axes of the dipoles in a preferred embodiment lie in the center planes of the multiple bays of the antenna, are perpendicular to the proximal axes of radiation, and are centered on the nulls. The dipoles are suitable for use with several antenna styles, and are expressly compatible with crossed bowtie slot antennas.