Abstract: A lightweight airfoil having a skin over a frame, and manufacturing process therefore, in which the airfoil is formed by coring a sheet of support material, attaching skin material to the cored sheet of support material to form a laminate, and defining an outer portion of the airfoil from the laminate, and then defining the frame in the support material, for example, by compressing the support material proximate the frame. The airfoil may be defined by trimming excess material from the laminate proximate an outer portion of the frame. A single sheet of support material, such as expanded polystyrene, can span in each of these steps.

Abstract: A light emitting apparatus including an emitter configured to emit electromagnetic radiation of a predetermined spectrum including visible light and infrared light, and a plurality of focusing chambers, each focusing chamber including an aperture, wherein light from the emitter passes successively through at least a first of the chambers and an aperture of the first chamber, and through a second of the chambers and an aperture of the second chamber before exiting the apparatus.

Abstract: A light emitting apparatus including an emitter configured to emit electromagnetic radiation of a predetermined spectrum including visible light and infrared light, and a plurality of focusing chambers, each focusing chamber including an aperture, wherein light from the emitter passes successively through at least a first of the chambers and an aperture of the first chamber, and through a second of the chambers and an aperture of the second chamber before exiting the apparatus.