Abstract: Systems and methods for pipeline network optimization are presented. The pipeline network can be represented through a flow model, which can include a plurality of modeled wells operatively coupled to production facilities through one or more flowlines. Risk profiles of the one or more flowlines can be determined based on flowline attributes of each flowline and based on a simulation of the flow model that uses production variation in wells connected to the respective flowline as a parameter to generate flow profile of the flowline. Understanding the risk profile of each flowline through a risk metric can help assess the production potential of each flowline and wells associated thereto and optimize the network cost of operation or maintenance.

Abstract: A roof deicing apparatus for use on a roof having an upper surface includes a high thermal mass element attached to the upper surface of the roof with a heat source operatively associated therewith.

Abstract: A plunger 20 which moves in and out relative to an illuminated panel 10 to operate a switch 18 is assembled from the front of the panel by pushing a shaft 24 with radial extensions 28 through a socket. The extensions yield to allow the shaft to pass through the socket and spring out once the shaft has passed through. A compressible gasket 32 is positioned between a shoulder 34 on the knob and the front face of the panel 10, to prevent light leaking from behind the panel, and to provide a restoring force to return the plunger to its start position after operation.

Abstract: In order to space apart the terminal pins 12 of an electrical component 10 before the component is mounted on a printed circuit board 16, the component is placed in a guide body 18 which has pin guide sockets 32 with funnel-like mouths through which the pins pass to be guided through apertures 36 which are offset to different sides of an imaginary median line of the sockets.