Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing a composite material. A radiation-curable water-compatible composition is applied to the surface of a substrate having a high water content, wherein the composition comprises at least one radiation-polymerisable monomer and/or oligomer, whereby the composition wets the surface of the substrate. The composition on the substrate is then irradiated to produce the composite material. Optionally the monomer and/or oligomer is reacted with a phosphite or a triorganophosphine prior to the irradiation. These compositions may also be applied to low water content substrates.

Abstract: A radiation polymerizable composition comprising: (A) a donor/acceptor component for forming a charge transfer complex said component being selected from the group consisting of: (iii) a bifunctional compound having an electron donor group and an electron withdrawing group and a polymerizable unsaturated group; (iv) a mixture of (a) at least one unsaturated compound having an electron donor group and a polymerizable unsaturated moiety; and (b) at least one unsaturated compound having an electron acceptor group and a polymerizable unsaturated group; and (B) a binder polymer composition.

Abstract: A radiation polymerisable composition comprising: (A) a donor/acceptor component for forming a charge transfer complex said component being selected from the group consisting of: (i) a bifunctional compound having an electron donor group and an electron withdrawing group and a polymerisable unsaturated group; (ii) a mixture of (a) at least one unsaturated compound having an electron donor group and a polymerisable unsaturated moiety; and (b) at least one unsaturated compound having an electron acceptor group and a polymerisable unsaturated group; and (B) a Lewis acid.

Abstract: A radiation polymerisable composition comprising: (A) a donor/acceptor component for forming a charge transfer complex said component being selected from the group consisting of: (iii) a bifunctional compound having an electron donor group and an electron withdrawing group and a polymerisable unsaturated group; (iv) a mixture of (a) at least one unsaturated compound having an electron donor group and a polymerisable unsaturated moiety; and (b) at least one unsaturated compound having an electron acceptor group and a polymerisable unsaturated group; and (B) a binder polymer composition.

Abstract: A method of preparing a coated substrate comprising: providing a radiation curable composition comprising a resin component including an unsaturated monomer and an unsaturated oligomer, binder or mixture of oligomer and binder; applying the radiation curable composition at a temperature in the range of from 35 to 150.degree. C. to the substrate; and subjecting the applied coating to radiation to thereby cure the coating. The invention also provides a composition for application of pigmented finishes and a method of coating in which a radiation curable composition is applied to a wet substrate.

Abstract: Prepolymers prepared by U.V. or .gamma. irradiation of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer or monomers until a predetermined but incomplete degree of polymerization has been achieved. Coatings formed by the U.V. or electron beam curing of such prepolymers are also comprehended.

Abstract: Monomers containing sterically available vinyl groups can be copolymerized with wool in the presence of a mineral acid or an organic acid containing up to 3 carbon atoms. The effect can be enhanced by conducting the reaction in the presence of an activating radiation.

Abstract: Enzymes are insolubilized by attachment to a polymeric material by grafting p-nitro styrene or p-nitrophenylacrylate to the polymeric material, converting the nitro group to an amino, diazo or isothiocyanate group and covalently attaching an enzyme to the active group so formed.