Abstract: Silicon oxide etching solutions containing the product of at least one bifluoride source compound dissolved in a solvent consisting of at least one carboxylic acid, and further comprising from about 0.5 to about 3 percent by solution weight of hydrofluoric acid and from about 1 to about 5 percent by solution weight of water, wherein the total concentration of bifluoride source compound is between about 1.25 and about 5.0 moles per kilogram of solvent. Methods for selectively removing silicon oxides and metal silicates from metal surfaces are also disclosed.

Abstract: Methods for producing highly pure solutions containing hydrogen fluoride, one or more salts thereof or a mixture of two or more thereof, by adding hydrogen fluoride to at least one anhydrous solvent, wherein the hydrogen fluoride is added to the anhydrous solvent or solvents in the form of a gas or as a liquified gas or as a mixture of gas and liquefied gas. High purity hydrogen fluoride and ammonium fluoride solutions produced by the inventive method are also disclosed.

Abstract: Silicon oxide etching solutions consisting essentially of the product of at least one bifluoride source compound dissolved in a solvent consisting of about 90% to 100% by weight of at least one carboxylic acid and 0 to about 10% by weight water, wherein the total concentration of bifluoride source compound is between about 1.25 and about 5.0 moles per kilogram of solvent. Methods for selectively removing silicon oxides and metal silicates from metal surfaces are also disclosed.

Abstract: Acid etching mixtures having water content, reduced by the addition of fluorosulfonic acid. The preparation and the use of said acid etching mixtures, particularly in etching silicon, are also disclosed.

Abstract: An ESD protection circuit uses an inductor to create an electromagnetic resonance in conjunction with the load capacitance of a conventional ESD device. By properly tuning the resonance of this combination, the protective properties of the ESD device can be maintained while minimizing its capacitive load on the main circuit. The inductor can be interposed in various series configurations with the ESD device between the main circuit and a voltage rail; alternatively, the inductor can be connected in various configurations in parallel with the ESD device. The inductor may be implemented as an on-chip inductor using conventional IC fabrication technologies, or may be implemented using IC chip bonding wires as inductors.

Abstract: An ESD protection circuit uses an inductor to create an electromagnetic resonance in conjunction with the load capacitance of a conventional ESD device. By properly tuning the resonance of this combination, the protective properties of the ESD device can be maintained while minimizing its capacitive load on the main circuit. The inductor can be interposed in various series configurations with the ESD device between the main circuit and a voltage rail; alternatively, the inductor can be connected in various configurations in parallel with the ESD device. The inductor may be implemented as an on-chip inductor using conventional IC fabrication technologies, or may be implemented using IC chip bonding wires as inductors.

Abstract: The invention relates to a circulating storage system (1) comprising at least two storage columns (4) of stored-goods carriers (5) that are arranged one above another and circulate during operation, comprising at least one horizontal conveyor device (9) which [sic] by means of which, during operation, the stored-goods carriers can be transferred from one storage column to the other storage column, and comprising a vertical conveyor device (7) which, during operation, can be moved in the vertical direction by at least one part of the storage column [sic]. Known circulating storage systems of this type have the disadvantage that they can be expanded only by lengthening the storage column, for which purpose an appropriate amount of space is needed at the place where they are erected and that, in the case of high storage capacities, the access times are too long.

Abstract: An ESD protection circuit uses an inductor to create an electromagnetic resonance in conjunction with the load capacitance of a conventional ESD device. By properly tuning the resonance of this combination, the protective properties of the ESD device can be maintained while minimizing its capacitive load on the main circuit. The inductor can be interposed in various series configurations with the ESD device between the main circuit and a voltage rail; alternatively, the inductor can be connected in various configurations in parallel with the ESD device. The inductor may be implemented as an on-chip inductor using conventional IC fabrication technologies, or may be implemented using IC chip bonding wires as inductors.

Abstract: An ESD protection circuit uses an inductor to create an electromagnetic resonance in conjunction with the load capacitance of a conventional ESD device. By properly tuning the resonance of this combination, the protective properties of the ESD device can be maintained while minimizing its capacitive load on the main circuit. The inductor can be interposed in various series configurations with the ESD device between the main circuit and a voltage rail; alternatively, the inductor can be connected in various configurations in parallel with the ESD device. The inductor may be implemented as an on-chip inductor using conventional IC fabrication technologies, or may be implemented using IC chip bonding wires as inductors.

Abstract: An ESD protection circuit uses an inductor to create an electromagnetic resonance in conjunction with the load capacitance of a conventional ESD device. By properly tuning the resonance of this combination, the protective properties of the ESD device can be maintained while minimizing its capacitive load on the main circuit. The inductor can be interposed in various series configurations with the ESD device between the main circuit and a voltage rail; alternatively, the inductor can be connected in various configurations in parallel with the ESD device. The inductor may be implemented as an on-chip inductor using conventional IC fabrication technologies, or may be implemented using IC chip bonding wires as inductors.

Abstract: A radiation-sensitive composition comprising an admixture in a solvent of: at least one alkali-soluble binder resin, at least one photoactive compound and an effective sensitivity enhancing amount of at least one polylactide compound; the amount of said binder resin being about 60 to 95% by weight, the amount of said photoactive component being about 5% to about 40% by weight, based on the total solids content of said radiation-sensitive composition.

Abstract: Absorption and drying towers for treating sulphur trioxide process gases and air, respectively, with concentrated sulphuric acid in the manufacture of sulphuric acid. Each tower has a suitably shaped downwardly angled gas delivery duct protruding into a lower chamber of the tower to prevent acid from entering inside the duct. Each tower also has its lower chamber defined by the base of the tower and a suitably formed packing support. Additional packing is interposed between the lower walls of the tower and the packing support. Improved corrosion resistance of the metal components is obtained.

Abstract: A musical faucet for producing a musical tune upon the opening of a water tap including a waterpower take-off in the form of a water wheel located within a water conduit; a musical comb with tuned tines; and a rotatable striker member, preferably in the form of a cylinder or endless belt, having a multiplicity of striker pins for impacting the tines of the comb to produce music. The striker member is powered by the water wheel and may be integral therewith. The comb and striker member may be connected externally to the water conduit or may be within the conduit. A sealed housing or a cavitation baffle may be used when the comb and striker member are located within the water conduit.

Abstract: A combined sulphur burning furnace and water-cooled boiler arrangement for producing a cooled, gaseous sulphur dioxide-air mixture in which the furnace is located below the boiler tubes arrangement in a vertical, cylindrical shell. The hot gases produced in the furnace exit axially into an upper chamber defined by the water-tube arrangement and pass through the cooling water-tube arrangement in radial outward flow to an outer chamber provided with cold-side by-pass control means and then exit the shell. The apparatus provides for savings in ducting, foundations, piping and the like; and permits more efficient sulphur burning and cooling.

Abstract: A converter for converting SO.sub.2 to SO.sub.3, having an exterior shell, a central axial core tube, and a number of annular catalyst beds one above the other, placed on support plates and separated by division plates. The shell, core tube, support and division plates are all of stainless steel. The support and division plates are performed in a domed shape to prevent excessive sagging in use and are welded to the shell and core tubes, except for the support plate of the first bed. The first bed is at the bottom of the converter and its support plate is welded to an encircling plenum through which supply gas enters. The plenum shields the shell from the hot first bed and produces abrupt changes in the flow direction of the supply gas to remove entrained particles therefrom.