Abstract: A method of radically (co)polymerizing vinyl ester, vinyl halide, diene, acrylonitrile and .alpha.-olefin monomers, optionally with one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers, with a polymerization initiator in the presence of an amount of at least one peroxyacid chain transfer agent effective to reduce the molecular weight of the (co)polymer in comparison to a (co)polymer made by the same process without chain transfer agent, is disclosed. Also disclosed are (co)polymers produced by the method and the use of particular peroxyacids as chain transfer agents in the radical polymerization of one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers. These peroxyacids give a significant molecular weight reduction, and are useful with a variety of different polymerization initiators.

Abstract: Novel unsaturated peroxides useful as molecular weight regulators in polymerization reactions are disclosed. Also disclosed are a polymerization process employing these novel unsaturated peroxides as molecular weight regulators, polymers and oligomers made by this process and articles of manufacture comprising one or more polymers or oligomers made by this process. These molecular weight regulating peroxides provide the ability to introduce an epoxy functionality to the oligomer or polymer as well as an additional functionality. Further, omega (di) substituted or alpha, omega disubstituted polymers may be synthesized using the unsaturated peroxides of the present invention.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for (co)polymerizing vinyl monomers in the presence of a radical polymerization initiator, characterized in that said radical polymerization initiator is a 3-methylpentyl-3-peroxy alkanoate of formula (I) wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 represent alkyl groups each having at most 9 carbon atoms with the proviso that the total number of carbon atoms of R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 is at most 11, said 3-methylpentyl-3-peroxy alkanoate being employed in an amount of 0.002 to 2.0 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of monomers present, said process being carried out at a temperature above 20.degree. C. The use of 3-methylpentyl-3-peroxy alkanoates in the present invention surprisingly and unexpectedly results in a higher polymerization velocity, a shortened polymerization time, and an increase in conversion as compared with the results obtained by using other radical polymerization initiators.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polymeric peroxycarbonates, a process for making the polymeric peroxycarbonates and initiator compositions comprising these polymeric peroxycarbonates. The polymeric peroxycarbonates of the present invention provide significant advantages in the polymerization of vinyl monomers.

Abstract: A process for the modification of .alpha.-olefin (co)polymers to introduce branching, is disclosed. More particularly, the present invention relates to a process of branching .alpha.-olefins by contacting said .alpha.-olefins with a peroxide compound containing an activated unsaturated group at a temperature above 120.degree. C. The process may be carried out under a nitrogen atmosphere or in the melt form under an oxygen-containing atmosphere.

Abstract: A process for the modification of a (co)polymer selected from C.sub.3 -C.sub.10 .alpha.-olefin polymers, ethylene polymers, diene polymers and copolymers of C.sub.3 -C.sub.10 .alpha.-olefins with ethylene and/or diene, to make the (co)polymer more suitable for reinforcement with polymer reinforcing material is disclosed. In the process, the (co)polymer is contacted with an acid group-containing unsaturated peroxide to modify the (co)polymer. The modification process results in improved properties such as adhesion to PUR lacquer and improved mechanical properties.Also disclosed are a modification process carried out in the presence of an unsaturated coagent as well as the use of acid group-containing unsaturated peroxides for the modification of (co)polymers. Finally, the process may be carried out in a single processing step or in two or more successive processing steps.

Abstract: Novel unsaturated peroxyketals useful as molecular weight regulators in polymerization reactions are disclosed. Also disclosed are a polymerization process employing these novel unsaturated peroxyketals as molecular weight regulators, polymers and oligomers made by this process and articles of manufacture comprising one or more polymers or oligomers made by this process. These molecular weight regulating peroxyketals provide the ability to introduce an epoxy functionality to the oligomer or polymer as well as an additional functionality, in a manner which gives a higher monomer conversion and less by-products than with comparable chain transfer regulators.

Abstract: A polymerization method carried out in the presence of unsaturated hydroperoxides useful as molecular weight regulators, is disclosed. Also disclosed are polymers and oligomers made by this process and articles of manufacture comprising one or more polymers or oligomers made by this process. These molecular weight regulating hydroperoxides provide the ability to introduce an epoxy functionality to the oligomer or polymer as well as an additional functionality and a primary hydroxy group. Further, omega substituted or alpha, omega disubstituted polymers may be synthesized using the unsaturated hydroperoxides of the present invention.

Abstract: Organic (co)polymers, including saturated (co)polymers, are modified by contacting them with an organic peroxide and decomposing the peroxide. Use is made of an organic peroxide having the general formula R--(O--O--CHR.sup.1 --CR.sup.2 .dbd.CR.sup.3 R.sup.4)N, wherein N is 1, 2 or 3; R.sup.1 is H, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl or C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 alkylene; R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are, independently, H or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl; two of the substituents R.sup.1 -R.sup.4 together may form C.sub.3 -C.sub.12 alkylene; and, when N is 1, R is an optionally hydroxyl substituted C.sub.4 -C.sub.18 T.alkyl, P-menth-8-yl, C.sub.5 -C.sub.18 T.alkenyl, 1-vinylcyclohexyl or a group of the formula: --C(CH.sub.3)2--C.sub.6 HJ(5--M)--R.sup.5 (M), wherein M is 0, 1 or 2 and R.sup.5 is isopropenyl or 2-hydroxyisopropyl; when N is 2, R is a C.sub.8 -C.sub.12 alkylene or alkynylene group having a tertiary structure at both ends, or a group having the formula --(C)CH.sub.3)2)2--C.sub.6 H(4--X)--R.sup.

Abstract: Novel organic peroxides of the general formula ##STR1## wherein p=0 or 1 and n=1, 2, 3 or 4 are described. These peroxides are excellently suitable for use in the preparation of epoxide groups-containing (co)polymers. Also described are shaped objects obtained by using (co)polymers thus modified.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to novel p-sulphophenyl alkyl carbonates, wherein the alkyl group contains 6 to 10 carbon atoms. These compounds are suitable bleaching activators. Also disclosed are detergent additives and detergent compositions containing these compounds.

Abstract: Organic (co)polymers, including saturated (co)polymers, are modified by contacting them with an organic peroxide and decomposing the peroxide. Use is made of an organic peroxide having the general formula: R--(O--O--CHR.sup.1 --CR.sup.2 .dbd.CR.sup.3 R.sup.4)N, wherein N is 1, 2 or 3; R.sup.1 is H, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl or C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 alkylene; R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are, independently, H or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl; two of the substituents R.sup.1 -R.sup.4 together may form C.sub.3 -C.sub.12 alkylene; and, when N is 1, R is an optionally hydroxyl substituted C.sub.4 -C.sub.18 T.alkyl, P-menth-8-yl, C.sub.5 -C.sub.18 T.alkenyl, 1-vinylcyclohexyl or a group of the formula: --C(CH.sub.3)2--C.sub.6 HJ(5--M)--R.sup.5 (M), wherein M is 0, 1 or 2 and R.sup.5 is isopropenyl or 2-hydroxyisopropyl; when N is 2, R is a C.sub.8 -C.sub.12 alkylene or alkynylene group having a tertiary structure at both ends, or a group having the formula: --(C)CH.sub.3)2)2--C.sub.6 H(4--X)--R.sup.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of agglomerates containing diperoxydodecanedioic acid and a water-impermeable material, e.g. lauric acid, which process comprises the successive steps of agitating an aqueous suspension of the peroxy acid in the presence of the water-impermeable material and above the melting point thereof, cooling the suspension of the agglomerated particles thus obtained to a temperature at which the water-impermeable material turns solid, and isolating the resulting agglomerates. The agglomerates obtained are suitable for use as bleaching agent.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to novel peroxy esters carrying a t-alkenyl, e.g. 2-methyl-3-buten-2-yl, peroxy group. These peroxy esters have shorter half-life periods of decomposition and are more reactive polymerization initiators and unsaturated polyester resin curing agents than the corresponding prior art peroxy esters carrying a t-alkyl, e.g. t-amyl, peroxy group.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of agglomerates containing diperoxydodecanedioic acid and a water-impermeable material, e.g. lauric acid, which process comprises the successive steps of agitating an aqueous suspension of the peroxy acid in the presence of the water-impermeable material and above the melting point thereof, cooling the suspension of the agglomerated particles thus obtained to a temperature at which the water-impermeable material turns solid, and isolating the resulting agglomerates. The agglomerates obtained are suitable for use as bleaching agent.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to novel peroxy esters carrying a t-alkenyl, e.g. 2-methyl-3-butene-2-yl, peroxy group. These peroxy esters have shorter half-life periods of decomposition and are more reactive polymerization initiators and unsaturated polyester resin curing agents than the corresponding prior art peroxy esters carrying a t-alkyl, e.g. t-amyl, peroxy group.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to novel compounds of the class of the p-sulphophenyl carbonates, viz. mono-p-sulphophenyl carbonates derived from ethoxylated alcohols and bis-p-sulphophenyl dicarbonates derived from alkane diols and poly(ethylene glycols). The novel compounds are efficient bleaching activators. The disclosure also relates to detergent additives and detergent compositions wherein the novel compounds are contained.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to novel desensitized ketone peroxide compositions containing as desensitizing agent 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate. It further relates to the use of these compositions in the manufacture of foundry cores or moulds.