Abstract: A process is disclosed for removing sulfur-containing impurities from a liquid hydrocarbon stream wherein the optimum performance of a sulfur-removing material is achieved by selecting a material having a porosity which varies with the following formula:(0.23.+-.K)(LHSV).sup.1.7 RF.sup.2whereinK=0.12-1.55R;(LHSV) is liquid hourly space velocity;R is the ratio of volume-to-surface area of the sulfur-removing material; andF is a fraction of impurities removed divided by the total impurities of the inlet stream.

Abstract: An improved process for the production of alkaline earth, aluminum-containing spinel compositions, preferably magnesium, aluminum-containing spinel compositions and preferably further comprising at least one additional metal component, comprises combining alkaline earth metal and aluminum components at selected pH conditions to form a precipitate and calcining the precipitate to form a spinel composition. The product spinel composition, preferably with included additional metal components, is particularly suited for use to reduce the amount of sulfur oxides emitted from a catalyst regeneration zone, e.g., a catalytic cracking unit regeneration zone.

Abstract: A process for reforming naphthene and paraffin-containing hydrocarbon feeds to increase their aromatic content is disclosed which involves the use of a series of reaction zones containing a supported platinum-group metal catalyst and a supported rhenium catalyst, wherein the distribution of catalytically effective platinum-group metal and rhenium among the series of reaction zones is skewed. The ratio of the percent by weight of the supported platinum-group metal in the catalyst in at least one of the earlier reaction zones of the series of reaction zones to that in the catalyst in at least one of the later reaction zones is in the range of about 1.5 to 10, and preferably in the range of about 2 to about 6. The percent by weight of supported rhenium based on the catalyst in the first zone is preferably less than about 10 percent by weight.

Abstract: An improved process for converting hydrocarbons in at least one reaction zone using a catalyst which is periodically regenerated in at least one regeneration zone to remove carbonaceous deposits, the catalyst being comprised of a mixture containing, as a major component, solid particles capable of promoting hydrocarbon conversion at hydrocarbon conversion conditions, and, as a minor component, discrete entities comprising a major amount of alumina capable of associating with sulfur trioxide in the regeneration zone and of disassociating with sulfur trioxide in the reaction zone.

Abstract: An improved process for converting hydrocarbons using a catalyst which is periodically regenerated to remove carbonaceous deposits. The catalyst being comprised of a mixture containing, as a major component, solid particles capable of promoting hydrocarbon conversion at hydrocarbon conversion conditions, and, as a minor component, discrete entities comprising a major amount of alumina and, preferably, a minor, catalytically effective amount of at least one platinum group metal component disposed on the alumina, the platinum group metal component being capable of promoting the oxidation of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide at carbon monoxide oxidizing conditions and/or promoting the oxidation of sulfur dioxide to sulfur trioxide at sulfur dioxide oxidizing conditions.Improved hydrocarbon conversion-carbon monoxide oxidation catalyst and hydrocarbon conversion-sulfur dioxide oxidation catalyst are also disclosed.

Abstract: An improved process for converting hydrocarbons using a catalyst which is periodically regenerated to remove carbonaceous deposits, the catalyst being comprised of a mixture containing, as a major component, solid particles capable of promoting hydrocarbon conversion at hydrocarbon conversion conditions, and, as a minor component, discrete entities comprising a major amount of a support and a minor, catalytically effective amount of at least one of certain metal components disposed on at least a portion of the support, the metal component being capable of promoting the oxidation of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide at carbon monoxide oxidizing conditions, provided that the discrete entities are more attrition resistant than the solid particles.An improved hydrocarbon conversion-carbon monoxide oxidation catalyst is also disclosed.

Abstract: An improved process for converting hydrocarbons using a catalyst which is periodically regenerated to remove carbonaceous deposits, the catalyst being comprised of a mixture containing, as a major component, solid particles capable of promoting hydrocarbon conversion at hydrocarbon conversion conditions, and, as a minor component, discrete entities comprising a major amount of a support and a minor, catalytically effective amount of at least one of certain metal components disposed on at least a portion of the support, the metal component being capable of promoting the oxidation of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide at carbon monoxide oxidizing conditions, provided that the discrete entities are more attrition resistant than the solid particles.An improved hydrocarbon conversion-carbon monoxide oxidation catalyst is also disclosed.

Abstract: An improved process for converting hydrocarbons using a catalyst which is periodically regenerated to remove carbonaceous deposits, the catalyst being comprised of a mixture containing, as a major component, solid particles capable of promoting hydrocarbon conversion at hydrocarbon conversion conditions, and, as a minor component, discrete entities comprising a major amount of alumina and, preferably, a minor, catalytically effective amount of at least one platinum group metal component disposed on the alumina, the platinum group metal component being capable of promoting the oxidation of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide at carbon monoxide oxidizing conditions and/or promoting the oxidation of sulfur dioxide to sulfur trioxide at sulfur dioxide oxidizing conditions.Improved hydrocarbon conversion-carbon monoxide oxidation catalyst and hydrocarbon conversion-sulfur dioxide oxidation catalyst are also disclosed.

Abstract: An improved process for converting hydrocarbons using a catalyst which is periodically regenerated to remove carbonaceous deposits, the catalyst being comprised of a mixture containing, as a major component, solid particles capable of promoting hydrocarbon conversion at hydrocarbon conversion conditions, and, as a minor component, discrete entities comprising a major amount of alumina and a minor, catalytically effective amount of at least one platinum group metal component disposed on the alumina, the platinum group metal component being capable of promoting the oxidation of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide at carbon monoxide oxidizing conditions.An improved hydrocarbon conversion-carbon monoxide oxidation catalyst is also disclosed.

Abstract: An improved process for converting hydrocarbons using a catalyst which is periodically regenerated to remove carbonaceous deposits, the catalyst being comprised of a mixture containing, as a major component, solid particles capable of promoting hydrocarbon conversion at hydrocarbon conversion conditions, and, as a minor component, discrete entities comprising a major amount of alumina and a minor, catalytically effective amount of at least one platinum group metal component disposed on the alumina, the platinum group metal component being capable of promoting the oxidation of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide at carbon monoxide oxidizing conditions.An improved hydrocarbon conversion-carbon monoxide oxidation catalyst is also disclosed.

Abstract: A high viscosity index mineral lubricating oil is produced by processing a heavy hydrocarbon feedstock, e.g., a deasphalted residiuum in two (2) catalytic steps. The feedstock is first catalytically hydrocracked, hydrotreated then catalytically hydrogenated and can be fractionated and dewaxed to provide a finished product. Improved step (1) catalysts comprise at least one Group VIB metal, Group VIII metal and mixtures thereof on a support involving both silica-alumina and alumina.

Abstract: An improved process for isomerizing hydrocarbons using a catalyst which is periodically regenerated to remove carbonaceous deposits, the catalyst being comprised of a mixture containing, as a major component, an isomerization catalyst free of carbon monoxide-oxidizing metals or metal compounds, and, as a minor component, an isomerization catalyst which contains small amounts of a metal or a compound of a metal selected from vanadium and the metals of Groups IB, VIB, VIIB and VIII of the Periodic Table. The process is particularly suitable for the isomerization of metaxylene to a mixture of orthoxylene and paraxylene.

Abstract: A process for hydrocracking and denitrogenation of heavy oils to form improved products, e.g., middle distillates, and a catalyst for use in the process are disclosed. The catalyst comprises a composite support containing a total of about 30% to about 70% by weight of silica and about 70% to about 30% by weight of alumina, formed from a combination of silica-alumina and alumina derived from hydrous alumina selected from the group consisting of boehmite, and mixtures of boehmite and amorphous hydrous alumina. The catalyst contains catalytically-effective amounts of a Group VIb and/or Group VIII metal. In a typical example, a distillate heavy mineral oil having an end boiling point up to about 1100.degree. F. and containing from about 500 ppm to 5000 ppm of nitrogen is contacted with hydrogen over the catalyst at a temperature of about 650.degree. F. to 900.degree. F., a pressure of about 500 psi to 5000 psi, a weight hourly space velocity of about 0.

Abstract: Improved methods for reducing the amounts of hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines involving the use of catalysts comprising a major amount of crystalline magnesium aluminate spinel. Improved catalysts as well as improved methods for making the present catalyst are also included.

Abstract: Improved methods for reducing the amounts of hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines involving the use of catalysts comprising a major amount of crystalline magnesium aluminate spinel. Improved catalysts as well as improved methods for making the present catalyst are also included.