Abstract: A football snap receiving training device for training a player to receive snaps from center includes a base, which is positionable upon a substantially horizontal surface for a user to stand upon. A bracket is attached to and extends upwardly from the base. A swing arm, which is spring loaded, is rotationally attached to the bracket. A gripping element, which is attached to the swing arm distal from the bracket, selectively grips a football that is positioned on the base. An actuator is attached to the base and is operationally engaged to the gripping element to retain the swing arm in a tensioned configuration. A trigger is attached to the base and is operationally engaged to the actuator. Triggering of the trigger by a foot of the user releases the swing arm, which swings so that the football is snapped to the user.

Abstract: A football snap receiving training device for training a player to receive snaps from center includes a base, which is positionable upon a substantially horizontal surface for a user to stand upon. A bracket is attached to and extends upwardly from the base. A swing arm, which is spring loaded, is rotationally attached to the bracket. A gripping element, which is attached to the swing arm distal from the bracket, selectively grips a football that is positioned on the base. An actuator is attached to the base and is operationally engaged to the gripping element to retain the swing arm in a tensioned configuration. A trigger is attached to the base and is operationally engaged to the actuator. Triggering of the trigger by a foot of the user releases the swing arm, which swings so that the football is snapped to the user.

Abstract: Here is presented a versatile technique for machining of nanometer-scale features using tightly-focused ultrashort laser pulses. By the invention, the size of features can be reduced far below the wavelength of light, thus enabling nanomachining of a wide range of materials. The features may be extremely small (<20 nm) and are highly reproducible.

Abstract: A method and device for reducing the thermal-mechanical motion of a defecting body is disclosed, in which the device includes a semiconductor injection laser used as both a light source and a dual-mirror optical cavity for precisely measuring the motion of the body. The thermally induced motion of the mechanical structure is quenched using a force-feedback technique, in which the information from the structural-motion detector is coupled to the forcing mechanism such that the motion of the deflecting structure is counteracted and thereby reduced.

Abstract: Here is presented a versatile technique for machining of nanometer-scale features using tightly-focused ultrashort laser pulses. By the invention, the size of features can be reduced far below the wavelength of light, thus enabling nanomachining of a wide range of materials. The features may be extremely small (<20 nm) and are highly reproducible.

Abstract: Here is presented a versatile technique for machining of nanometer-scale features using tightly-focused ultrashort laser pulses. By the invention, the size of features can be reduced far below the wavelength of light, thus enabling nanomachining of a wide range of materials. The features may be extremely small (<20 nm) and are highly reproducible.

Abstract: Here is presented a versatile technique for machining of nanometer-scale features using tightly-focused ultrashort laser pulses. By the invention, the size of features can be reduced far below the wavelength of light, thus enabling nanomachining of a wide range of materials. The features may be extremely small (<20 nm) and are highly reproducible.

Abstract: The invention provides new methods for separating isotopes of an element and causing enrichment of a desired isotope of an element utilizing laser ablation plasmas to modify or fabricate a material containing such isotopes. This invention may be used for a wide variety of materials which contain elements having different isotopes.

Abstract: The invention provides a method and apparatus for generating high pulse energy, short optical pulses having relatively high contrast. The system comprises a diode laser to seed a compact diode pumped amplifier, and comprises pulse shaping and cleaning elements to achieve relatively high energies and high contrast. The system is not locked to a fixed repetition rate as it is controlled by an electronic trigger. The system of the invention comprises a selectively triggered pulse source (asynchronous) which is coupled to pulse amplifying/pulse shaping means, which is coupled to pulse cleaning means, which is further coupled to a chirped pulse amplification (CPA) system.

Abstract: An ultrafast scanning probe with 2.5-picosecond response time and 10-nanometer spatial resolution. In one embodiment, a single probe tip is formed on an input electrode layer which is at least partially formed on a cantilever portion of the probe. The cantilever portion is formed by at least one layer including a film of AlGaAs which has a reflective top surface to reflect a laser beam therefrom. A photoresponsive planar switch is formed by a portion of the input electrode layer, a semiconductor portion of the at least one layer and a portion of an output electrode layer. In another embodiment, the switch is a non-planar photoresponsive switch. The single probe tip of the probe is utilized to both acquire an image of an electronic device and measure electrical signals of the device. An optical fiber may be used for support and to supply a pulsed switching beam to the photoresponsive switch.

Abstract: An ultrafast traveling wave optical modulator capable of functioning at frequencies greater than 100 GHz having an optical waveguide parallel to a transmission line. The optical waveguide is in a substrate of electro-optic material (GaAs with GaAlAs layers forming the optical waveguide). The transmission line is a pair of coplanar electrodes on the substrate. A superstrate having an effective dielectric constant substantially equal to the square of the index of refraction of the substrate (a GaAs body in which the electric field on the line is substantially confined) eliminates the mismatch in velocity of propagation of the traveling electrical and optical signals thereby increasing the response time of the modulator so that it can function when the electrical modulating signal on the line exceeds 100 GHz in bandwidth.

Abstract: A measurement system using electro-optic sampling and operative in the time domain characterizes devices over a bandwidth extending to upper microwave frequencies (e.g., 100 GHz). The device under test is mounted to or integrated on a substrate of electro-optic semiconductor material and is connected to transmisison and lines on the substrate. Sampling signals are electro-optically generated and propagate along the lines toward and away from the device under test, using a laser pulse beam incident on the substrate. The signals are electrically sampled by a laser pulse sampling beam which is responsive to the change in refractive index due to the signal at locations equidistant from the generation position. The waveform resulting from electro-optic sampling near the device under test corresponds to the sum of the signal incident upon the device and the signal reflected therefrom. The waveform resulting from electro-optic sampling at the location away from the device corresponds to the incident waveform.

Abstract: A novel formation method is disclosed which is compatable for use in forming high antimony as well as, maintenance free (i.e., low antimony calcium, etc.) batteries. The method includes constant circulation of a cooling fluid around the batteries to be formed while the batteries are stepped through various charging cycles of different lengths and currents. The preferred method is a "one shot" method, thus eliminating the necessity of adding successive electrolyte solutions to the batteries. Unlike prior "one shot" formation techniques, however, formation times are relatively short while plate clearance characteristics and the completeness of formation are excellent.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for individually separating heddles arrayed in a pack on slide rails. It is assumed that the heddles are of a magnetizable material. One magnetic plate is mounted at each of the opposite sides of the pack, these plates being polarized in opposite directions whereby they exert a repelling action. The foremost elements of the pack are split from one another by the magnetic action and are positioned with a significant mutual spacing between the pair of magnetic plates. The pair of magnetic plates evinces a flaring field distribution in the direction of advance of the heddles.

Abstract: The invention concerns a device for individually separating heddles bunched into packs and arranged on heddle slide rails, the lifting of individual heddles from the pack being implemented by suction nozzles and the heddles being moved into position for drawing-in the associated warp threads. A blow tube is provided to generate the suction effect and is angularly bent at its front end constructed as a blow nozzle. A small tube is so inserted into the wall of the angular bend that its part within the wall of the tube forms an ejector nozzle and its external end acts as a suction nozzle to lift individual heddles off a pack. The blow nozzle may be brought into line with the direction of advance of the heddles whereby a blast of air issuing from the blow nozzle effects the further motion of a lifted heddle following the drawing-in of the warp thread.

Abstract: In a device for individually separating heddles and to subsequently draw-in warp threads into the heddle eyes using advancing and retracting needles, the heddles require being moved into a precisely defined position of draw-in. Rest means with a serrated profile are provided, which receive the individually separated heddle by means of a pressing finger in such a manner that the heddle rests against one of the ramps of the sawtooth profile. The heddle is so rotated in the process that the aperture of the heddle eye is placed in a precisely defined position and furthermore practically transversely to the path of the draw-in needle. The drawing-in of the warp threads is thereby made substantially simpler and more reliable.

Abstract: A novel calcium-strontium-tin-lead grid alloy is disclosed which exhibits a finer grain structure, higher hardness, improved castability and superior corrosion resistance.

Abstract: A novel formation method is disclosed which is compatable for use in forming high antimony as well as, maintenance free (i.e., low antimony calcium, etc.) batteries. The method includes constant circulation of a cooling fluid around the batteries to be formed while the batteries are stepped through various charging cycles of different lengths and currents. The preferred method is a "one shot" method, thus eliminating the necessity of adding successive electrolyte solutions to the batteries. Unlike prior "one shot" formation techniques, however, formation times are relatively short while plate clearance characteristics and the completeness of formation are excellent.

Abstract: A novel calcium-strontium-tin-lead grid alloy is disclosed which exhibits a finer grain structure, higher hardness, improved castability and superior corrosion resistance.

Abstract: A method for producing batteries having plastic cases wherein a plurality of sets of batteries are placed in a plurality of portable tanks or tubs which are positioned at different heights above the floor and filled with water, filling the highest tub first and allowing it to overflow to fill the adjacent lower tub and so on until all tubs are filled and overflowing. Before the water is added to the tanks, electrolyte is added to unfilled, unformed batteries and a separate rectifier circuit is connected to each set of batteries for passing current therethrough to form or charge the batteries.