Abstract: The present invention provides diagnostic and/or prognostic markers indicative of liver fat, fatty liver diseases (e.g. non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and/or hepatocellular cancer deriving from liver fat.

Abstract: The invention relates to a Radio Frequency System and method. A Radio Frequency (RF) system comprising a RF switch comprising a plurality of transistor switching elements implemented on Silicon on Insulator (SOI) for switching at least one or more RF signals and said SOI comprises a bulk substrate region and a buried oxide region. At least one filter is adapted to isolate the RF signal from the substrate and/or other high frequency signals or control signals present in the RF system. There is also provided a coupling capacitor adapted to cooperate with the filter to improve linearity of the transistor switch elements.

Abstract: The invention relates to a Radio Frequency System and method. A Radio Frequency (RF) system comprising a RF switch comprising a plurality of transistor switching elements implemented on Silicon on Insulator (SOI) for switching at least one or more RF signals and said SOI comprises a bulk substrate region and a buried oxide region. At least one filter is adapted to isolate the RF signal from the substrate and/or other high frequency signals or control signals present in the RF system. There is also provided a coupling capacitor adapted to cooperate with the filter to improve linearity of the transistor switch elements.

Abstract: An electronic device is described. The electronic device comprises a voltage generator including a charge pump configured to provide an output voltage. A comparator is configured to generate a control signal based on comparing a value indicative of an output voltage with a reference voltage. A clock is operable to selectively provide a clock signal to the charge pump. A level shifter is configured to receive the output voltage from the charge pump and to perform level shifting. A semiconductor-on-insulator radio frequency (RF) switch is configured to receive a signal from the level shifter. One or more ESD discharge paths are associated with the level shifter.

Abstract: The invention relates to a Radio Frequency System and method. A Radio Frequency (RF) system comprising a RF switch comprising a plurality of transistor switching elements implemented on Silicon on Insulator (SOI) for switching at least one or more RF signals and said SOI comprises a bulk substrate region and a buried oxide region. At least one filter is adapted to isolate the RF signal from the substrate and/or other high frequency signals or control signals present in the RF system. There is also provided a coupling capacitor adapted to cooperate with the filter to improve linearity of the transistor switch elements.

Abstract: An RF switch with inter-domain ESD protection. The RF switch comprises an RF domain section having a plurality of RF switching elements; and a DC domain section having circuitry configured for driving the RF switching elements. At least one primary ESD protection element is operably coupled between the RF domain section and DC domain section.

Abstract: An RF switching circuit is described. The RF switching circuit comprises an RF switch having multiple RF inputs and two or more switch outputs; a low noise amplifier (LNA) having two or more amplification branches, each amplification branch being associated with a corresponding switch output; and a bypass switching mechanism configured for selectively bypassing the amplification branches.

Abstract: An RF switch with inter-domain ESD protection. The RF switch comprises an RF domain section having a plurality of RF switching elements; and a DC domain section having circuitry configured for driving the RF switching elements. At least one primary ESD protection element is operably coupled between the RF domain section and DC domain section.

Abstract: The invention relates to a Radio Frequency System and method. A Radio Frequency (RF) system comprising a RF switch comprising a plurality of transistor switching elements implemented on Silicon on Insulator (SOI) for switching at least one or more RF signals and said SOI comprises a bulk substrate region and a buried oxide region. At least one filter is adapted to isolate the RF signal from the substrate and/or other high frequency signals or control signals present in the RF system. There is also provided a coupling capacitor adapted to cooperate with the filter to improve linearity of the transistor switch elements.

Abstract: A wireless local area network system comprises a 5.0+ GHz radio transceiver with two receiving antennas and one transmitting antenna. A transmitter power amplifier output is connected to the transmitting antenna through a 6-8 pole filter to control spurious signal output. Each receiving antenna is fitted with its own low-noise amplifier followed by a simple bandpass filter. Each bandpass filter feeds a diversity switch with a single output to a single receiver. The radio system constitutes a physical-layer (PHY) part of a wireless local-area network.

Abstract: An aqueous solution composition may include an organic base hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, a compound selected from the group of compounds consisting of 2-mercaptobenzimidazole, 1-Phenyl-1H-tetrazole-5-thiol and 2-MerCaptoBenzoThiazole, hydrogen peroxide and deionized water. A method for removing photoresist and anti-reflective coating from a wafer using such a solution is also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions comprising at least about 8% ?-glucans and/or at least about 8% ?-fucans, which has a prebiotic effect and act as a replacement for in-feed antibiotics. The present invention also relates to extraction methods to obtain such extracts and various uses for the compositions comprising ?-glucans and/or ?-fucans.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for radiolocation using time differences of arrival. The method includes receiving transmit timestamps from a set of wireless stations of a wireless network. Each station transmits at least once. The transmit timestamp uses a local timestamping clock to indicate when a station transmitted a packet. The method further includes receiving sets of timestamped captured samples from each station that receives one of the transmitted packets. The times of arrival of each packet at each station are determined from the received sets of timestamped captured samples, and, the relative positions of the stations are determined from the determined times of arrival and the received transmit timestamps. The transmitting by the stations is in a round robin manner one station after the other, and several round robins may be used to mutually calibrate local clocks. Also an apparatus for inclusion in a station of a wireless network.

Abstract: A method of determining a geographical location of an asset tracking device, includes searching, by the asset tracking device, for available location determination schemes at the geographical location, selecting one of the available location determination schemes, and determining coordinates of the geographical location using the selected location determination scheme. Some embodiments also include making a decision based, at least in part, upon the geographical location coordinates determined by using the selected location determination scheme. Some embodiments include transmitting a location message, the location message including the coordinates of the geographical location and an indication as to the selected location determination scheme.

Abstract: Devices, such as tracking devices, cooperate with one another to establish the routing necessary for a relay network in which a device having power-efficient and data-reliable communication with an access portal, operates to relay messages from devices which do not have an acceptable communication path to and/or from the access portal. In one aspect of the present invention, a plurality of devices synchronously determine whether an acceptable communication path can be established between themselves and one or more access portals by measuring the signal strength of an access portal beacon. In another aspect of the present invention, one or more devices, which have determined that an acceptable communication path can be established between themselves and an access portal, transmit information regarding their availability to relay messages on behalf of devices which have determined that an acceptable communication path cannot be established between themselves and an access portal.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for estimating channel characteristics in a multicarrier wireless receiver such as an OFDM wireless receiver. The method includes determining a channel estimate for each of a set of subcarriers by receiving multicarrier data as a result of a wireless transmission of data that includes a known signal, wherein the determining uses a part of the received data that corresponds to the known signal. The method further includes smoothing the channel estimates according to a smoothing filter to form smoothed channel estimates. The smoothed channel estimate for a particular subcarrier includes a contribution from the channel estimates of one or more subcarriers nearby the particular subcarrier take advantage of correlation that may exist between the particular subcarrier's channel and the channels of the one or more nearby subcarriers.

Abstract: A digital AGC system for burst operation, particularly suited for receiving packets in a wireless local area network. One embodiment includes a log detector that provides a signal strength measure, called the received signal strength indication (RSSI) over a wide dynamic range. The AGC system includes estimating the power in a received signal by averaging the log of the signal power. The Start of Packet detection avoids using the radio receiver's main analog to digital converters to preserve power.

Abstract: A wireless local area network system comprises a 5.0+ GHz radio transceiver with two receiving antennas and one transmitting antenna. A transmitter power amplifier output is connected to the transmitting antenna through a 6-8 pole filter to control spurious signal output. Each receiving antenna is fitted with its own low-noise amplifier followed by a simple bandpass filter. Each bandpass filter feeds a diversity switch with a single output to a single receiver. The radio system constitutes a physical-layer (PHY) part of a wireless local-area network.

Abstract: An interleaver and interleaving method each includes two stages, and is useful in coded orthogonal frequency division multiplexed (COFDM) wireless local area networks. A first stage performs a first block permutation and a second stage performs bit order permutation to effectuate a second group permutation. A corresponding de-interleaver does just the opposite at the receiver. A double-buffer version includes writing data into one memory block in a first order while reading data from the second block in a second order, with the first and second orders selected to effectuate the first block permutation.

Abstract: A wireless computer data network includes several untethered mobile units that make ad-hoc data connections with an Internet-connected base station using the IEEE-802.11a standard. Each unit includes a radio transceiver fully integrated on a single semiconductor chip. The receiver portion is a double-conversion superheterodyne type, and shares the same intermediate and local oscillator frequencies with a two-stage up-conversion transmitter. Two on-chip synthesizers that each include a voltage-controlled oscillator and phase-locked loop can be operated independently for each conversion stage, or operated in offset mode. External reference frequencies can be injected for voltage-controlled oscillator and phase-locked loop testing, chip characterization, and automatic compensation modeling. Each mobile and base unit can be outfitted with transmit/receive antenna transfer switches, RF-power amplifiers, and low-noise receiver amplifiers to increase operating range.