Abstract: A multipass cell assembly for monitoring of fluid is described, as well as fluid processing systems utilizing same, and associated methods of use of such multipass cell assembly for fluid monitoring. The multipass cell assembly is usefully employed in fluid processing operations such as monitoring of vapor deposition process reactants, e.g., reactants used for vapor deposition metallization of tungsten from a tungsten carbonyl precursor.

Abstract: An exhaust gas detection assembly, comprising a sensing system comprising a wide-band light source and a detector, a probe configured for mounting in a port of a component of an engine exhaust system, and a fiber optic bundle connected between the sensing system and the probe to carry source light from the light source to the probe and reflected light from the probe to the detector, wherein the detector comprises a filter that passes reflected light received from the probe in a wavelength range corresponding to a wavelength range affected by the presence of a type of gas molecules in the probe.

Abstract: A method and system for using one or more sensors configured to capture two-dimensional and/or three dimensional image data of one or more objects. In particular, the method and system combine one or more digital sensors with visible and near infrared illumination to capture visible and non-visible range spectral image data for one or more objects. The captured spectral image data can be used to separate and identify the one or more objects. Additionally, the three-dimensional image data can be used to determine a volume for each of the one or more objects. The identification and volumetric data for one or more objects can be used individually or in combination to obtain characteristics about the objects. The method and system provide the user with the ability to capture images of one or more objects and obtain related characteristics or information about each of the one or more objects.

Abstract: A method and system for using one or more sensors configured to capture two-dimensional and/or three dimensional image data of one or more objects. In particular, the method and system combine one or more digital sensors with visible and near infrared illumination to capture visible and non-visible range spectral image data for one or more objects. The captured spectral image data can be used to separate and identify the one or more objects. Additionally, the three-dimensional image data can be used to determine a volume for each of the one or more objects. The identification and volumetric data for one or more objects can be used individually or in combination to obtain characteristics about the objects. The method and system provide the user with the ability to capture images of one or more objects and obtain related characteristics or information about each of the one or more objects.

Abstract: A multipass cell assembly for monitoring of fluid is described, as well as fluid processing systems utilizing same, and associated methods of use of such multipass cell assembly for fluid monitoring. The multipass cell assembly is usefully employed in fluid processing operations such as monitoring of vapor deposition process reactants, e.g., reactants used for vapor deposition metallization of tungsten from a tungsten carbonyl precursor.

Abstract: A method and system for using one or more sensors configured to capture two-dimensional and/or three dimensional image data of one or more objects. In particular, the method and system combine one or more digital sensors with visible and near infrared illumination to capture visible and non-visible range spectral image data for one or more objects. The captured spectral image data can be used to separate and identify the one or more objects. Additionally, the three-dimensional image data can be used to determine a volume for each of the one or more objects. The identification and volumetric data for one or more objects can be used individually or in combination to obtain characteristics about the objects. The method and system provide the user with the ability to capture images of one or more objects and obtain related characteristics or information about each of the one or more objects.

Abstract: For conversion of spectral information of an FTIR spectrometric instrument for comparison with that of a dispersion instrument, a first standard function is selected for spectral line shape for the first instrument, and a second standard function for line shape is selected for the second instrument. A conversion factor is computed for converting the first standard function to the second standard function. In ordinary operations, first spectral information is obtained with the first instrument for a first sample, and second spectral information is obtained with the second instrument for a second sample. The conversion factor is applied to the first spectral information to effect converted information, and the converted information is compared with the second spectral information. Such conversion also is applied between chromatographic instruments.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is method and apparatus for determining the nature of an unknown substance, which includes apparatus for entering a peak table of the spectrum of an unknown substance into computing apparatus, apparatus for adjusting the peak table to a first preselected standardized format, computing apparatus for comparing the so standardized peak table of the unknown with a first library of chemical structural units contained in memory in the computing apparatus, apparatus for making a list of the possible chemical structural units most closely corresponding to the unknown substance, apparatus for readjusting the peak table to a second preselected standardized format, apparatus for forming a file for the unknown substance including data corresponding to the readjusted peak table and to the list of possible chemical structural units, computing apparatus for comparing the file of the unknown substance with a second library containing files of known substances contained in memory in the computing apparatus, e

Abstract: A fail safe device for isolating the revolution limiter from the ignition system of an internal combustion engine, in which the output stage of the revolution limiter is continuously monitored to ascertain whether or not it is absorbing ignition pulses at a speed lower than the limiting speed. In the event that the absorption of ignition pulses is taking place at a speed lower than the limiting speed, the fail safe device becomes operative upon the engine revolutions falling below a given value and causes a fuse in series with the output stage of the revolution limiter to blow, thus isolating the revolution limiter from the ignition system to allow ignition to be instantly re-established in the event of a fault occuring in the revolution limiter.

Abstract: A monolithic Darlington in which the transistors forming the Darlington pair are formed on a substrate together with a fourth terminal in addition to the normal three terminals provided for a Darlington pair, the fourth terminal being connected to the base electrode of the second transistor and the emitter electrode of the first transistor. The addition of the fourth terminal enables a control circuit for controlling the rate of switch off to be connected between the fourth terminal and the command collector electrode, this removing the effect which the stored charge on the base electrode of the first transistor has on the switching rate of the Darlington pair, thus enabling a faster switching rate to be achieved.