Abstract: A history attribute is associated with an electronic image, containing a history of actions performed with the electronic image, such as where copies of the image are transmitted, whether the image has been printed, etc.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus that enable heterogeneous application programs to be consistently launched, regardless of the execution methods used to launch the application programs. The present invention comprises a memory device and logic, which is configured to execute a common launch program upon determining that an application has been invoked. For each application that utilizes the present invention, a key, a current working directory (CWD), and command information associated with the application are stored in the memory device. When the logic determines that an application program has been invoked, the logic uses identity information relating to the application to locate the key, the command information and the CWD associated with the application and uses the located command information and CWD to launch said particular application.

Abstract: Apparatus and a method disclosed for forming an axle spindle from a hollow axle blank incorporate a hollow punch having a metallic body with an inner work surface defining a work opening and a mandrel fixed within the work opening projecting toward an open end thereof from a closed end of the opening. During forming, the punch is moved relative to the axle blank in the direction the mandrel projects so that the mandrel is received within the hollow axle blank as the work surface of the punch body forms the blank about the mandrel to provide a spindle. Preferably, several punches of this type are utilized to complete the spindle forming process on the axle blank. Each punch preferably has an elongated annular shape with a round inner work surface and a round outer surface on the mandrel so that the formed spindle is of a round shape. One of the punches which causes outward material movement has an undercut on its mandrel to facilitate punch withdrawal.

Abstract: Apparatus and a method disclosed for forming an axle spindle from a hollow axle blank incorporate a hollow punch having a metallic body with an inner work surface defining a work opening and a mandrel fixed within the work opening projecting toward an open end thereof from a closed end of the opening. During forming, the punch is moved relative to the axle blank in the direction of the mandrel projects so that the mandrel is received within the hollow axle blank as the work surface of the punch body forms the blank about the mandrel to provide a spindle. Preferably, several punches of this type are utilized to complete the spindle forming process on the axle blank. Each punch preferably has an elongated annular shape with a round inner work surface and a round outer surface on the mandrel so that the formed spindle is of a round shape. One of the punches which causes outward material movement has an undercut on its mandrel to facilitate punch withdrawal.