Abstract: A base sheet for a roof includes a laminate of a metal layer, a core layer and a plastic layer with the metal layer being on one side of the core layer and the plastic layer being on an opposite side. The core layer is made of a polyester non-woven fabric, a polypropylene non-woven fabric, a polyethylene non-woven fabric or a woven or non-woven fiberglass; the plastic is made of polyester, polypropylene, polyethylene or a spun bonded olefin; and the metal of the metal layer is aluminum. A self-adhering membrane is adhered to the laminate. Preferably, the self-adhering membrane includes a mineral surfaced area and a plurality of non-mineral surfaced areas forming selvage strips. The base sheet may be attached to an insulating board in situ or may be attached to the insulating board in a factory. In the latter case, the base sheet has at least two overhanging sides.

Abstract: A base sheet for use in retrofitting a new roof over an existing roof includes a polyester support sheet having a layer of flexible foam laminated thereto. The base sheet is laid over the existing roofing, with the foam layer in contact with the existing roofing. A new roofing is then laid over the base sheet.

Abstract: A roof includes a deck, an insulating layer over the deck and a base sheet comprising a laminate of aluminum and unwoven polyester overlaying the insulating layer such that the unwoven polyester layer faces the insulating layer. The base sheet and insulating layer are fastened to the deck by a plurality of mechanical fasteners. A conventional built-up roof composite, or a conventional single-ply membrane, is then formed over the base sheet.

Abstract: A roof includes a deck, an insulating layer over the deck and a base sheet comprising a laminate of aluminum and unwoven polyester overlaying the insulating layer such that the aluminum layer faces the insulating layer. The base sheet and insulating layer are fastened to the deck by a plurality of mechanical fasteners. A conventional built-up roof composite, which may include a plurality of alternating layers of a bituminous material and felt, is then formed over the base sheet.

Abstract: An improved high energy-density battery for producing continuous low-voltage electrical energy is powered by direct conversion of the kinetic energy of charged particles to electrical potentials. An improved battery comprises at least one primary energy source and a plurality of cells, each cell comprising a secondary electron emitter plate spaced apart from a collector plate. Cells are configured to maximize the number of relatively low-energy secondary electrons from the emitter plates which reaches and is retained by collector plates. Heat production is minimized during efficient energy conversion of the relatively high-energy of primary charged particles to the lower energy but relatively high current capacity of large numbers of secondary electrons.

Abstract: The invention features an additive for a mastic coating comprising a cut-back asphaltic base material used in roof and construction applications. The additive comprising sodium bicarbonate in a range by weight of 1 part per 2-8 parts of the cut-back, asphaltic-type base material, has the dual purpose of accelerating the curing time and improving flame retardancy of the mastic coating.

Abstract: The invention comprises a built-up roof material that has a composite membrane that is formed and affixed to the roof substrate in a single step. The membrane comprises a sheet of heat-resistant, non-woven polyester sandwiched between layers of asphalt. The upper asphalt layer is caused to flow through the polyester and meld with the lower layer of asphalt to form a homogeneous membrane. The polyester sheet is layed in strips side-by-side across the asphalt in widths greater than forty inches across, in order to reduce the number of seams and to conform more closely to the contours of the roof substrate.

Abstract: The invention comprises a built-up roof composite that is used upon seamed roof substrates. The composite has a membrane that is simultaneously formed and affixed to a base sheet adhered to the roof substrate. The membrane comprises a sheet of heat-resistant, non-woven polyester sandwiched between layers of asphalt. The upper asphalt layer is caused to flow through the polyester and meld with the lower layer of asphalt to form a homogeneous membrane.

Abstract: The invention comprises a built-up roof material that has a composite membrane that is formed and affixed to the roof substrate in a single step. The membrane comprises a sheet of heat-resistant, non-woven polyester sandwiched between layers of asphalt. The upper asphalt layer is caused to flow through the polyester and meld with the lower layer of asphalt to form a homogeneous composite.