Abstract: Circuitry for converting interlaced video data to non-interlaced video data at 30 frames per second, real time video rate, where rows of successive lines of video data applied to a single frame memory are provided having data control means including readin and readout means for initially sequentially loading each row of memory with lines of interlaced video data of the first frame sequentially applied to the memory and thereafter reading out successive memory rows of the first frame from memory, while replacing each line readout by whatever line of the second frame is applied to memory in real time just after readout, until all lines of data of the second frame are inserted into memory.

Abstract: A horizontal shell boiler has a horizontal furnace section which communicates with a flue gas transfer section at its end which transfers the flue gases from the furnace section to flue tubes extending horizontally through the space between the furnace section and the shell of the boiler. The furnace section is designed for fluidized bed combustion and has a flue gas transfer tube extending horizontally through its upper portion. The tube has hollow walls connected to the boiler fluid surrounding the furnace section and has apertures formed in its hollow wall through which furnace gases can enter the tube. The furnace gases after entering the flue gas transfer tube travel horizontally and do not entrain material of the fluidized bed.

Abstract: A shell boiler containing boiler water or other fluid to be heated, including a furnace providing a fluidized bed and disposed inside or outside the boiler. Heat transfer pipes extend through the fluidized bed and are connected for natural circulation with the boiler fluid. In a preferred embodiment, the furnace is constituted by a furnace section of the boiler and the heat transfer pipes extend vertically through the bed and through the furnace section and are provided throughout the entire length of the furnace section.