Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of a 1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-amine derivative as an adjuvant for use with nucleic acid vaccination.

Abstract: The present invention relates to synthetic genes, processes for designing said synthetic genes and their uses in gene therapy and improved DNA vaccination. The novel synthetic genes and processes are codon shuffled so that they have reduced homology relative to a naturally occurring gene encoding the same protein without altering the overall codon usage frequency of the gene. In particular the present invention relates to improved polynucleotides and methods for the treatment or prevention of disease comprising codon-shuffled GM-CSF nucleic acid sequences. Nucleic acid vaccines of the present invention may comprise a combination of a nucleotide sequence encoding codon-shuffled GM-CSF, a nucleotide encoding an antigen against which it is desired to raise an immune response and a toll-like receptor (TLR) agonist.

Abstract: The present invention relates to virus vectors comprising oligonucleotides encoding HIV polypeptides, more particularly wherein the virus vector is an adenovirus. In particular, such adenoviruses are non-human primate adenoviruses such as simian adenoviruses, more particularly chimpanzee adenoviruses. In particular the invention relates to adenovirus vectors which comprise HIV polynucleotide sequences which encode multiple different HIV antigens, for example two or three or more HIV antigens. The invention further relates to methods of preparing the virus vectors, to the virus vectors produced by the methods and to the use of the vectors in medicine especially prophylactic or therapeutic vaccination.

Abstract: The invention provides a nucleotide sequence that encodes an HIV-1 gag protein or fragment thereof containing a gag epitope and a second HIV antigen or a fragment encoding an epitope of said second HIV antigen, operably linked to a heterologous promoter. Preferred polynucleotide sequences further encodes nef or a fragment thereof and RT or a fragment thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of eliciting an immune response by use of a prime-boost schedule for delivering a polynucleotide encoding a heterologous non-self antigen. In particular, the invention relates to a prime-boost schedule wherein the priming polynucleotide composition is delivered by an adenoviral vector, and the boosting polynucleotide composition is coated on or incorporated in a particle and is administered by a particle acceleration device.

Abstract: The present invention relates to improvements in DNA vaccination and in particular, methods of vaccinating a mammal against disease states, and to the use of imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-amine derivative adjuvants in the manufacture of medicaments for boosting previously vaccinated individuals.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of a 1H-imidazo[4,5-c]-4-amine derivative as an adjuvant for use with nucleic acid vaccination.