Abstract: The invention is a catalyst composition and process for making and using the catalyst composition. The catalyst composition promotes the combustion of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide. The catalyst composition includes an effective concentration of Group VIII transition metal, such as palladium, an effective concentration of Group IB transition metal, such as copper, and a support, such as microspheroidal alumina.

Abstract: A material with high surface area can be obtained through the partial or total removal of CaO and MgO by acid leaching of blast furnace slag. This is accomplished by an improved process for selective leaching of blast furnace slag and other solid solution materials by control of temperature during leaching, rate of addition of acid, type of the acid, concentration of the acid, and concentration of the slag in the slurry. When these variables are controlled as disclosed a hierarchy of dissolution occurs. The hierarchy begins with MgO, progresses to CaO, and is followed by A12O3, and the rate of acid addition is slow and controlled so that alumina does not dissolve (thereby depriving the remaining silica has no acid sites or catalytic activity). By invoking the hierarchy one gains selectivity, and this can be used to convert blast furnace slag to a material with high surface area which may have applications as an absorbent could be economically feasible.

Abstract: Sulfur oxides are removed in the regenerator zone and rapidly released as H.sub.2 S in the reactor zone of an FCC system employing a particulate SO.sub.x catalytic/absorbent comprising Cu and an alkali metal oxide. Embodiments include the use of an inorganic support, such as alumina or an EC.

Abstract: The invention is a catalyst composition and process for making and using the catalyst composition. The catalyst composition promotes the combustion of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide. The catalyst composition includes an effective concentration of Group VIII transition metal oxide, an effective concentration of Group IIIB transition metal oxide, an effective concentration of Group IIA alkaline earth metal oxide, and, desirably, microspheroidal alumina. The preferred Group VIII transition metal oxide is cobalt oxide. The preferred Group IIIB transition metal oxide is lanthanum oxide. The preferred Group IIA alkaline earth metal is strontium oxide. The process is for producing a combustion promotor catalyst of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide. The carrier for the catalyst is effective in FCC units when used on a support which is other than a mullite-containing support.

Abstract: Sulfur oxides are removed in the regenerator zone and rapidly released as H.sub.2 S in the reactor zone of an FCC system employing a particulate SO.sub.x reducing additive comprising an alkali metal oxide. Embodiments comprise the incorporation of an inorganic support, MgO, CeO.sub.2 or Ag, and V.sub.2 O.sub.5.

Abstract: Hydrothermally stable intercalated clays having interlayer (gallery) spacings greater than 21 angstroms are provided by pillars comprising a rare earth metal. The pillars preferably also contain a metal such as aluminum. Other pillaring metal/rare earth combinations and differing preparation conditions, such as pH, result in different interlayer spacings. Interlayer spacings of up to 50 angstroms may be produced.

Abstract: In the process for hydrocracking hydrocarbons boiling above about 700.degree. F. to midbarrel fuel products boiling between about 300.degree. F. and about 700.degree. F. which includes contacting the hydrocarbons with hydrogen under effective hydrocracking conditions in the presence of a catalyst composition comprising at least one hydrogenation component and at least one cracking component, the improvement which comprises utilizing as the cracking component an expanded clay including pillars comprising (a) at least one pillaring metal, (b) at least one rare earth element and (c) oxygen located between the sheets of at least one clay mineral or synthetic analogue thereof.

Abstract: Large-pore intercalated clays, for example, smectites, with pillars of aluminum-rare earth element-oxygen oligomers, having unprecedented hydrothermal stability. Product distributions demonstrate desirable synergistic effects (less gas, more gasoline, higher activity) using a mixture of intercalated clay and zeolite.

Abstract: Aluminum-rare earth element-oxygen oligomers, having unprecedented hydrothermal stability and disclosed such materials having utility as precursors in the preparation of large pore intercalated clays.

Abstract: Large-pore intercalated clays, for example, smectites, with pillars of aluminum-rare earth element-oxygen oligomers, having unprecedented hydrothermal stability. Product distributions demonstrate desirable synergistic effects (less gas, more gasoline, higher activity) using a mixture of intercalated clay and zeolite.

Abstract: Large-pore intercalated clays, for example, smectites, with pillars of aluminum-rare earth element-oxygen oligomers, having unprecedented hydrothermal stability. Product distributions demonstrate desirable synergistic effects (less gas, more gasoline, higher activity) using a mixture of intercalated clay and zeolite.