Abstract: A stump cutter controller and operator presence system includes one or more capacitive sensors in each of the three control levers that control movement of the cutter wheel. A sensor circuit measures changes in the capacitance of the sensors. The controller automatically disengages a drive clutch and applies a brake to the cutter wheel when the controller senses that an operator has left the operating station—which is assumed when the operator has not touched any one of the three control levers of the operator station for a predetermined time. The controller logic is set to allow the clutch to remain engaged during a delay period, of predetermined duration, to permit the operator to move a hand off of one control lever to another control lever. Also, a grace period, of varying duration based on the speed of the cutter wheel, may be provided during which the clutch is reengaged if an operator returns to the controls.

Abstract: A steam turbine power plant that includes a first steam turbine, the steam turbine power plant including: a thrust piston operably connected to the first steam turbine via a shaft; and means for applying a supply of pressurized steam against the thrust piston such that the thrust piston applies a desired thrust force to the shaft. The desired thrust force may comprise a thrust force that partially balances a thrust force the first steam turbine applies to the shaft during operation.

Abstract: A steam turbine power plant that includes a first steam turbine, the steam turbine power plant including: a thrust piston operably connected to the first steam turbine via a shaft; and means for applying a supply of pressurized steam against the thrust piston such that the thrust piston applies a desired thrust force to the shaft. The desired thrust force may comprise a thrust force that partially balances a thrust force the first steam turbine applies to the shaft during operation.

Abstract: A stump cutter controller and operator presence system includes one or more capacitive sensors in each of the three control levers that control movement of the cutter wheel. A sensor circuit measures changes in the capacitance of the sensors. The controller automatically disengages a drive clutch and applies a brake to the cutter wheel when the controller senses that an operator has left the operating station—which is assumed when the operator has not touched any one of the three control levers of the operator station for a predetermined time. The controller logic is set to allow the clutch to remain engaged during a delay period, of predetermined duration, to permit the operator to move a hand off of one control lever to another control lever. Also, a grace period, of varying duration based on the speed of the cutter wheel, may be provided during which the clutch is reengaged if an operator returns to the controls.

Abstract: The invention comprises a method for applying a curable resin, such as a photosensitive resin, to a substrate such as a papermaker's dewatering felt. The method comprises the steps of providing a substrate; providing a curable liquid resin; providing a second material different from the curable liquid resin; applying the second material to the substrate to occupy at least some of the voids in the substrate intermediate the first and second surfaces of the substrate; applying the curable resin to the substrate; curing at least some of the resin to provide a resin layer on the substrate; and removing at least some of the second material from the substrate, wherein at least some of the second material is removed from the substrate after applying the curable resin to the substrate.

Abstract: A method for obtaining commercial feed juices having textural, aroma and flavor properties more like hand-squeezed orange juice is disclosed. This method involves gentle extraction of orange fruit with commercial juice extractors, gentle and quick removal of rag, seeds and peel from the extracted juice, substantially complete removal of sensible pulp, and removal of at least some of the sinking pulp. The feed juices obtained have a relatively low viscosity and sinking pulp level, minimized levels of peel oil and flavanoid glycosides and a relatively high ratio of more desirable orange compounds to less desirable orange compounds.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compounds of the general formula ##STR1## wherein x and y are integers from 3 to 9, x and y together equal 12, one Z is hydrogen and the other Z is a carboxylic acid group, and R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are fatty acid groups. A process for introducing approximately one carboxylic acid group per triglyceride molecule in vegetable oils has been developed, and the resulting acid adduct forms soaps with attractive properties. The process comprises first conjugation of the double bonds of the nonconjugated polyunsaturated groups present in the fatty acid ester and elaidinization with a catalyst, such as iodine, and then adduct formation with acrylic acid to form the compounds of the general formula. This process also greatly stabilizes the triglyceride against atmospheric oxidation and polymerization reactions.

Abstract: The basic bubble cap assembly for sealing a hole in a tray deck for example, comprises an inner tubular sleeve having a lower flanged end telescopic with the inner surface of a tubular riser having a lower flanged end, and gasket means for sealing the lower flanged ends of both the telescopic tubular riser and the inner tubular sleeve to the upper and lower peripheral surfaces around the hole for providing a double seal between the tray deck and the bubble cap assembly, for minimizing leakage, and for assuring proper alignment of the bubble cap assembly relative to the tray deck. Three modifications are disclosed. One comprises a spider secured on the lower end of the hold-down stud for placing it in tension for compressing the two sealing gasket means. A second embodiment comprises a hold-down stud lower end fastened to a cross bar which is welded to the internal surfaces of the inner tubular sleeve.

Abstract: One basic method for forming a bubble cap assembly held together with a hold-down stud for sealing a hole in a tray deck comprises (1) forming an inner tubular sleeve having a lower flanged end telescopic with the inner surface of a tubular riser having a lower flanged end, and (2) sealing the lower flanged ends of both the telescopic tubular riser and the inner tubular sleeve with gasket means to the upper and lower peripheral surfaces around the hole for providing a double seal between the tray deck and the bubble cap assembly, for minimizing leakage, and for assuring proper alignment of the bubble cap assembly relative to the tray deck.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is full soaps and mono-soaps of a C.sub.22 -cycloaliphatic tricarboxylic acid of the formula ##STR1## wherein x and y are integers from 3 to 9, and x and y together equal 12. The C.sub.22 -cycloaliphatic tricarboxylic acids are made as Diels-Alder adducts of fatty acids, especially tall oil fatty acids and soya fatty acids, containing both non-conjugated and conjugated linoleic acids and fumaric acid reacted at from 170.degree. C. to 270.degree. C. in the presence of from 0.01% to 0.50% by weight of iodine. There is also disclosed herein the use of these C.sub.22 -cycloaliphatic tricarboxylic soaps as hydrotroping agents for normally insoluble nonionic synthetic detergents in alkaline mediums.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are alkaline baths for scouring textiles containing as a cleaning composition at least 0.05% of a mixture of a nonionic surfactant and a polycarboxylic acid or salt thereof of the formula ##STR1## wherein x and y are integers from 3 to 9, x and y together equal 12, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and COOM with at least one of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 being COOM, and wherein M is a member of the group consisting of hydrogen, sodium, potassium, lithium and ammonium, the proportion of nonionic surfactant to polycarboxylic acid or salt thereof being between about 1:0.4 and about 1:3.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is the mercerization of textiles with a composition comprising an aqueous caustic solution of mercerizing strength containing as a wetting agent at least 0.10% of a mixture of a nonionic surfactant and a polycarboxylic acid or salt thereof of the formula ##STR1## wherein x and y are integers from 3 to 9, x and y together equal 12, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are selected from the group of hydrogen and COOM with at least one of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 being COOM, and wherein M is a member of the group consisting of hydrogen, sodium, potassium, lithium and ammonium, the proportion of nonionic surfactant to polycarboxylic acid being between about 1:0.8 to 1:3.

Abstract: Two methods are disclosed for forming two different bubble cap assemblies for mounting over holes in tray decks of a gas and liquid contact apparatus, as a fractionation tower.