Abstract: A solid-state imaging device is provided. The solid-state imaging device includes a plurality of arrayed pixels, an optical inner filter layer, and an inner-layer lens. Each of the plurality of arrayed pixels includes a photoelectric conversion portion and a pixel transistor. The optical inner filter layer is configured to block infrared light and faces a light-receiving surface of the photoelectric conversion portion of a desired pixel among the arrayed pixels. The inner-layer lens is formed below the optical inner filter layer.

Abstract: A solid-state imaging device includes: an avalanche photodiode having a structure including an n+ region, a p+ region, and an avalanche region interposed between the n+ region and the p+ region, all of which are formed to extend in a thickness direction of a semiconductor base; and a pixel repeatedly having the structure of the avalanche photodiode.

Abstract: An organic semiconductor element part formed on a substrate is covered with a planarizing layer, a radiator plate is fixed with an adhesive layer on the planarizing layer, and a shield layer intercepting the adverse effects exerted on the organic semiconductor element part during the curing of the adhesive layer is formed between the adhesive layer and the planarizing layer. When the adhesive layer is a photo-curing adhesive layer, the shield layer prefers to intercept the light used for curing the photo-curing adhesive layer. When the adhesive layer is a thermosetting adhesive layer, the shield layer prefers to intercept the outgassing occurring during the curing of the thermosetting adhesive layer. By adopting this configuration, it is made possible to accomplish infallible interception of oxygen and moisture and effect radiation of heat with high efficiency.

Abstract: A solid-state imaging device includes a light-receiving portion, an optical filter layer, and quantum dots. The light receiving portion, where a photoelectric conversion is carried out, is formed in a semiconductor substrate. The optical filter layer is directly formed on or formed through another layer on the surface of the semiconductor substrate in which the light-receiving portion is formed. Quantum dots having substantially equal diameters are formed in the optical filter layer. The quantum dots have higher refractive indexes than the refractive index of the optical filter layer in which the quantum dots are embedded.

Abstract: A solid-state imaging device includes a light-receiving portion, an optical filter layer, and quantum dots. The light receiving portion, where a photoelectric conversion is carried out, is formed in a semiconductor substrate. The optical filter layer is directly formed on or formed through another layer on the surface of the semiconductor substrate in which the light-receiving portion is formed. Quantum dots having substantially equal diameters are formed in the optical filter layer. The quantum dots have higher refractive indexes than the refractive index of the optical filter layer in which the quantum dots are embedded.

Abstract: A solid-state imaging device is provided. The solid-state imaging device includes a substrate having a light sensing part for each of pixels; and one or more rod members made of a light transmissive material above the light sensing part for each of the pixels.

Abstract: A solid-state imaging device includes: an avalanche photodiode having a structure including an n+ region, a p+ region, and an avalanche region interposed between the n+ region and the p+ region, all of which are formed to extend in a thickness direction of a semiconductor base; and a pixel repeatedly having the structure of the avalanche photodiode.

Abstract: A method of fitting a proposed model for electro encephalography spectra to data derived from EEG recordings, the method comprising the steps of: (a) inputting at least one spectral trace of electroencephalographic measurements; (b) inputting a series of parameters associated with the proposed model; (c) applying a non-linear fitting algorithm to the at least one spectral trace and the at least one series of parameters, wherein the non-linear fitting model preferably can include a series of constraints associated with predetermined ones of the series of parameters so as to constrain the parameters in a predetermined range.

Abstract: A method, and a system to execute this method is being presented for the identification and separation of sources of an acoustic signal, which signal contains a mixture of multiple simultaneous component signals. The method represents the signal with multiple discrete state-variable sequences and combines acoustic and context level dynamics to achieve the source separation. The method identifies sources by discovering those frames of the signal whose features are dominated by single sources. The signal may be the simultaneous speech of multiple speakers.

Abstract: A solid-state imaging device is provided. The solid-state imaging device includes a substrate having a light sensing part for each of pixels; and one or more rod members made of a light transmissive material above the light sensing part for each of the pixels.

Abstract: A solid-state imaging device is provided. The solid-state imaging device includes a plurality of arrayed pixels, an optical inner filter layer, and an inner-layer lens. Each of the plurality of arrayed pixels includes a photoelectric conversion portion and a pixel transistor. The optical inner filter layer is configured to block infrared light and faces a light-receiving surface of the photoelectric conversion portion of a desired pixel among the arrayed pixels. The inner-layer lens is formed below the optical inner filter layer.

Abstract: The present invention comprises an oral composition. More particularly to a method of treating and preventing a respiratory tract infection and providing energy, relieving stress, and mood enhancing benefits to a human comprising: the steps of administering to a human a composition comprising from about 450 IU to about 500,000 IU of cholecalciferol, per dose of the composition.

Abstract: The present invention comprises an oral composition. More particularly to a method of treating and preventing a respiratory tract infection and providing energy, relieving stress, and mood enhancing benefits to a human comprising: the steps of administering to a human a composition comprising from about 450 IU to about 500,000 IU of cholecalciferol, per dose of the composition.

Abstract: A solid-state imaging device includes a light-receiving portion, an optical filter layer, and quantum dots. The light receiving portion, where a photoelectric conversion is carried out, is formed in a semiconductor substrate. The optical filter layer is directly formed on or formed through another layer on the surface of the semiconductor substrate in which the light-receiving portion is formed. Quantum dots having substantially equal diameters are formed in the optical filter layer. The quantum dots have higher refractive indexes than the refractive index of the optical filter layer in which the quantum dots are embedded.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescence element having a thin film of organic compound containing at least a light-emitting layer interposed between an anode and a cathode is disclosed. This element is driven by utilizing the sheet resistance of the anode or the cathode in a manner such that the distribution of brightness or color in a single light-emitting plane is modulated with the elapse of time. For example, at least either of the anode and the cathode is furnished with not less than two connecting parts, voltages are applied severally to the connecting parts, and at least one of the factors, i.e. amplitude, frequency, phase, and offset of the voltage applied to each of the connecting parts is modulated. As a result, a completely novel organic electroluminescence element that is capable of causing the brightness and the color to be so modulated as to induce waving in a single light-emitting plane can be realized.

Abstract: A method, and a system to execute this method is being presented for the identification and separation of sources of an acoustic signal, which signal contains a mixture of multiple simultaneous component signals. The method represents the signal with multiple discrete state-variable sequences and combines acoustic and context level dynamics to achieve the source separation. The method identifies sources by discovering those frames of the signal whose features are dominated by single sources. The signal may be the simultaneous speech of multiple speakers.

Abstract: An organic semiconductor element part formed on a substrate is covered with a planarizing layer, a radiator plate is fixed with an adhesive layer on the planarizing layer, and a shield layer intercepting the adverse effects exerted on the organic semiconductor element part during the curing of the adhesive layer is formed between the adhesive layer and the planarizing layer. When the adhesive layer is a photo-curing adhesive layer, the shield layer prefers to intercept the light used for curing the photo-curing adhesive layer. When the adhesive layer is a thermosetting adhesive layer, the shield layer prefers to intercept the outgassing occurring during the curing of the thermosetting adhesive layer. By adopting this configuration, it is made possible to accomplish infallible interception of oxygen and moisture and effect radiation of heat with high efficiency.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescence element having a thin film of organic compound containing at least a light-emitting layer interposed between an anode and a cathode is disclosed. This element is driven by utilizing the sheet resistance of the anode or the cathode in a manner such that the distribution of brightness or color in a single light-emitting plane is modulated with the elapse of time. For example, at least either of the anode and the cathode is furnished with not less than two connecting parts, voltages are applied severally to the connecting parts, and at least one of the factors, i.e. amplitude, frequency, phase, and offset of the voltage applied to each of the connecting parts is modulated. As a result, a completely novel organic electroluminescence element that is capable of causing the brightness and the color to be so modulated as to induce waving in a single light-emitting plane can be realized.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and articles of manufacture to control a multiple-fuel steam production system are disclosed. An example method obtains a plurality of input values associated with producing steam and uses a model predictive controller to determine a first value associated with predicting an amount of a first fuel and a second value associated with predicting an amount of a second fuel to produce an amount of steam. Fuel feed rates of the first and second fuels are then controlled based on the first and second trajectory values.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods of preventing and treating Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) by the administration of respiratory tract compositions having low pH values. The respiratory tract compositions have a pH of from about 3.0 to about 5.5, and are preferably administered to areas of the respiratory tract such as the nasal cavity to effectively prevent and treat respiratory tract viral infections, particularly SARS. The respiratory tract compositions comprise an organic acid in combination with a metal compound.