Abstract: A camera detects devices, such as other cameras, smart devices, and access points, with which the camera may communicate. The camera may alternate between operating as a wireless station and a wireless access point. The camera may connect to and receive credentials from a device for another device to which it is not connected. In one embodiment, the camera is configured to operate as a wireless access point, and is configured to receive credentials from a smart device operating as a wireless station. The camera may then transfer the credentials to additional cameras, each configured to operate as wireless stations. The camera and additional cameras may connect to a smart device directly or indirectly (for instance, through an access point), and the smart device may change the camera mode of the cameras. The initial modes of the cameras may be preserved and restored by the smart device upon disconnection.

Abstract: A camera detects devices, such as other cameras, smart devices, and access points, with which the camera may communicate. The camera may alternate between operating as a wireless station and a wireless access point. The camera may connect to and receive credentials from a device for another device to which it is not connected. In one embodiment, the camera is configured to operate as a wireless access point, and is configured to receive credentials from a smart device operating as a wireless station. The camera may then transfer the credentials to additional cameras, each configured to operate as wireless stations. The camera and additional cameras may connect to a smart device directly or indirectly (for instance, through an access point), and the smart device may change the camera mode of the cameras. The initial modes of the cameras may be preserved and restored by the smart device upon disconnection.

Abstract: In a wireless communication system comprising at least one evolved Node-B (eNB) and a plurality of wireless transmit/receive units (WRTUs), a non-contention based (NCB) channel is established, maintained, and utilized. The NCB channel is allocated for use by one or more WTRUs in the system for utilization in a variety of functions, and the allocation is communicated to the WTRUs. The wireless communication system analyzes the allocation of the NCB channel as required, and the NCB channel is reallocated as required.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for detecting a radio link (RL) failure for uplink (UL) and downlink (DL) in a long term evolution (LTE) wireless communication system including at least one wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) and at least one evolved Node-B (eNodeB) are disclosed. A determination is made as to whether an RL has an in-synchronization status or an out-of-synchronization status. An RL failure is declared if an out-of-synchronization status is detected.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for multi-protocol uplink access defines two protocols and maps each to one of a user's access service class (ASC) and quality of service (QoS). A first uplink access protocol type is defined in which a random access channel (RACH) burst is sent and an acquisition indicator channel (AICH) burst is sent, and a channel assignment grant is sent on another downlink channel. A second uplink access protocol type is defined in which a RACH preamble is sent and an AICH burst is sent.

Abstract: The present invention is a method and apparatus for resource allocation signaling for grouping user real time services. Uplink signaling for voice activity reporting of each user's transition between an active state and an inactive voice state is sent from a wireless transmit/receive unit to a Node B. Radio resource allocation to users of a wireless communication system varies based on user measurement reporting, a pre-determined pattern such as frequency hopping, or a pseudorandom function. Grouping methods are adjusted to better utilize the voice activity factor, so that statistical multiplexing can be used to more efficiently utilize physical resources.

Abstract: The present invention is a method and apparatus for resource allocation signaling for grouping user real time services. Uplink signaling for voice activity reporting of each user's transition between an active state and an inactive voice state is sent from a wireless transmit/receive unit to a Node B. Radio resource allocation to users of a wireless communication system varies based on user measurement reporting, a pre-determined pattern such as frequency hopping, or a pseudorandom function. Grouping methods are adjusted to better utilize the voice activity factor, so that statistical multiplexing can be used to more efficiently utilize physical resources.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for dynamically configuring a memory for hybrid automatic repeat request (H-ARQ) processes in a receiving node to permit a more flexible H-ARQ memory configuration and improve the performance of H-ARQ processes. An H-ARQ memory in the receiving node is reserved for a plurality of H-ARQ processes. A transmitting node dynamically configures the H-ARQ memory in the receiving node for each H-ARQ transmission so that the memory requirement for a plurality of H-ARQ processes exceeds the H-ARQ memory capacity. If there is insufficient H-ARQ memory available to support H-ARQ transmissions, only a subset of the plurality of H-ARQ processes may be activated at a time. When there is insufficient H-ARQ memory for processing H-ARQ transmissions, a negative acknowledgement (NACK), an acknowledgement (ACK), nothing, and/or information indicating the reason for a failed transmission may be transmitted to a transmitting node.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for detecting a radio link (RL) failure for uplink (UL) and downlink (DL) in a long term evolution (LTE) wireless communication system including at least one wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) and at least one evolved Node-B (eNodeB) are disclosed. A determination is made as to whether an RL has an in-synchronization status or an out-of-synchronization status. An RL failure is declared if an out-of-synchronization status is detected.

Abstract: A receiver sends hybrid automatic repeat request (H-ARQ) feedback for a current packet and at least one previous packet, whereby an error is detected based on the H-ARQ feedback. The receiver sends H-ARQ feedback with an identification of the packet or a sequence number of a packet that the receiver expects to receive next. The receiver stores a packet in a memory before combining the packet with a previously received packet, and decodes the stored packet after failing to decode a combined packet to avoid a corruption error. The receiver may set a timer when sending a NACK. If the receiver fails to receive a packet until expiration of the timer, the receiver initiates a process for recovering the packet. Each H-ARQ feedback may be associated with other attributes. Some H-ARQ processes may operate in an asynchronous mode while others in a synchronous mode in the same direction.

Abstract: A communications device operates in a wireless local area network (WLAN), and includes a processor operating in accordance with an operating system that includes a standardized set of object identifiers (OIDs) associated therewith. An antenna steering algorithm is executed by the processor for generating a driver query. A driver generates an antenna query in response to the driver query. A smart antenna is driven by the driver and generates antenna beams for receiving signals, and generates metrics based upon the received signals. The smart antenna provides to the driver a metric associated with the antenna query. The driver associates the metric received from the smart antenna with one of the object identifiers from the standardized set of object identifiers, and provides the same to the antenna steering algorithm.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for improving packet transmission and reducing latency in VoIP over WLAN using switched beam antennas having multiple directional antenna beams are disclosed. In an access point having a switched beam antenna, or other smart antenna system, the present invention extends the coverage area of an access point for authentication and association of a new WTRU, extends the access points coverage area during in session transmissions with a WTRU, and adjusts data rates. The method also controls Contention Period (CP)/Contention Free Period (CFP) timing amongst beams emanating from an access point having a switched beam antenna, or other smart antenna system. Fast diversity switching, frame level switching, lowered data rates, and scanning multiple directional antenna beams for the optimum transmission beam are disclosed to improve beam selection and packet transmission.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the present invention comprises transmitting a broadcast burst in a broadcast channel from a base station of a radio communications system. The invention further comprises receiving a request burst from a user terminal, and transmitting a message burst from the base station to the user terminal from which the request was received. The message burst includes a description of the channels available on the radio communications system for receiving messages from user terminals.

Abstract: A method implemented in a wireless transmit receive unit (WTRU) for signaling Quality of Service (QoS) information.

Abstract: Footwear is provided for controlling a device via use of at least one foot. The footwear contains a first controller located internal to the footwear, the controller being capable of being activated by movement of a portion of the foot, wherein the first controller is capable of creating an activation signal upon being activated. The footwear also contains a transmitter capable of transmitting the activation signal. A device that is located separate from the footwear is capable of performing a predefined function after receiving the activation signal from the transmitter.

Abstract: Each of a plurality of packets in a particular flow is classified into one of a plurality of quality of service (QoS) classes based on information about each packet. Each packet is then adaptively processed based on the QoS class for each packet. The classification may be performed based on media information included in a session description protocol (SDP) messaging. The classification may also be performed based on a real-time transmit protocol (RTP) payload, an RTP header, a transmission control protocol (TCP) header, a user datagram protocol (UDP) header, and an Internet protocol (IP) header. The packets may be transmitted using multiple system architecture evolution (SAE) radio bearers each of which is used to deliver differentiated QoS requirements. The packets may be mapped to eigen-modes based on the QoS class of each packet such that a packet requiring a higher level of QoS is mapped to a stronger eigen-mode.

Abstract: Embodiment of the present invention can be used to select random access channels to be assigned to user terminals. In one embodiment, the invention includes a base station receiving a signal from a second radio, the received signal containing information about the second radio, and selecting one or more channels to be used by the second radio for random access to the base station using the information about the second radio. Then the base station sends a signal to the second radio, the sent signal containing information about the selected one or more channels.

Abstract: A communications device operates in a wireless local area network (WLAN), and includes a processor operating in accordance with an operating system that includes a standardized set of object identifiers (OIDs) associated therewith. An antenna steering algorithm is executed by the processor for generating a driver query. A driver generates an antenna query in response to the driver query. A smart antenna is driven by the driver and generates antenna beams for receiving signals, and generates metrics based upon the received signals. The smart antenna provides to the driver a metric associated with the antenna query. The driver associates the metric received from the smart antenna with one of the object identifiers from the standardized set of object identifiers, and provides the same to the antenna steering algorithm.

Abstract: One embodiment of the invention relates to a method of merging segments to form supersegments in an image. The image consists of a plurality of segments that are constituent portions of the image. At least one candidate segment(s) and at least one neighboring segment(s) for each candidate segment are identified. An error statistic for each pair, consisting of a candidate segment and a corresponding neighboring segment, is computed. A neighboring segment is determined that results in a smallest error statistic for a given candidate segment. A determination is also made as to whether the smallest error statistic is sufficiently small to merit merging of the corresponding pair of segments. The corresponding pair of segments is merged to create one supersegment. The supersegment is a new segment including all pixels formerly contained in one of the two segments that were merged.

Abstract: One embodiment comprises a method for image processing. The method includes identifying an uncovered region in an image, determining at least one trivalent point, and extrapolating from the trivalent point to extend an edge of at least one of the image segments into the uncovered region. Another embodiment comprises an apparatus for image processing. The apparatus includes a predictor for predicting higher-frequency boundary information in newly uncovered regions. Another embodiment comprises a system for efficiently communicating video information. The system includes an encoder that encodes a video frame into an encoded frame, and a decoder that receives and decodes the encoded frame, wherein the encoder and decoder are both configured to identify uncovered regions and to extend edges from neighboring image segments into the uncovered region.