Abstract: A thermostatically controlled electric immersion heating element for heating fluid contained in a dishwasher having a vertical wall includes an elongated heating element of flattened configuration in transverse cross section having opposing generally parallel wide faces and opposite narrow side edges connecting the faces. The heating element is mounted in cantilever fashion from the vertical wall by a mounting flange in an operating position in which a reach of the heating element extends a maximum distance from the flange with the wide faces disposed in vertical planes. A tubular housing is secured in continuous heat transfer contact with substantially the entire length of the upper side edge of the heating element reach and contains a temperature sensing element for controlling the operation of the heating element in response to the temperature of the heating element.

Abstract: An engine preheater comprising a tubular tank adapted to be mounted generally horizontally and having an inlet adjacent one end of the tank for flow of engine coolant into the tank and an outlet adjacent the opposite end of the tank for flow of heated engine coolant out of the tank. The preheater includes an electric heating element in the tank spaced from the inlet of the tank for heating engine coolant in the tank and a temperature sensor inside the tank adjacent the inlet of the tank. The sensor is so positioned relative to the inlet and the heating element that it is adapted accurately to sense the temperature of engine coolant flowing into the tank via the inlet before the incoming engine coolant is substantially heated by the heating element.