Abstract: Improved membrane electrode assemblies, cation-associating components thereof, and methods of making and treating the same are provided. Membrane electrode assemblies may include an ionomer having a first pKa value, and a water-insoluble net polymer having a weakly-acidic functional group, wherein the weakly-acidic functional group has a second pKa value greater than the first pKa value.

Abstract: Improved membrane electrode assemblies, cation-associating components thereof, and methods of making and treating the same are provided. Membrane electrode assemblies may include an ionomer having a first pKa value, and a water-insoluble net polymer having a weakly-acidic functional group, wherein the weakly-acidic functional group has a second pKa value greater than the first pKa value.

Abstract: Some embodiments are directed to a light modulator comprising transparent or reflective substrates, multiple electrodes being applied to the substrates in a pattern across the substrate. A controller may apply an electric potential to the electrodes to obtain an electro-magnetic field between the electrodes providing electrophoretic movement of the particles towards or from an electrode.

Abstract: Some embodiments relate to a content matching system (101) comprising a first device (100), a matching server (300), and a second device (200). The content matching system enables the second device to consume content matching with content which is consumable on the first device, even if the first and second devices do not have access to the same streaming service.

Abstract: Improved membrane electrode assemblies, cation-associating components thereof, and methods of making and treating the same are provided. Membrane electrode assemblies may include an ionomer having a first pKa value, and a water-insoluble net polymer having a weakly-acidic functional group, wherein the weakly-acidic functional group has a second pKa value greater than the first pKa value.

Abstract: Improved catalyst layers for use in fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies, and methods for making such catalyst layers, are provided. Catalyst layers can comprise structured units of catalyst, catalyst support, and ionomer. The structured units can provide for more efficient electrical energy production and/or increased lifespan of fuel cells utilizing such membrane electrode assemblies. Catalyst layers can be directly deposited on exchange membranes, such as proton exchange membranes.

Abstract: Improved membrane electrode assemblies, cation-associating components thereof, and methods of making and treating the same are provided. Membrane electrode assemblies may include an ionomer having a first pKa value, and a water-insoluble net polymer having a weakly-acidic functional group, wherein the weakly-acidic functional group has a second pKa value greater than the first pKa value.

Abstract: Improved membrane electrode assemblies, cation-associating components thereof, and methods of making and treating the same are provided. Membrane electrode assemblies may include an ionomer having a first pKa value, and a water-insoluble net polymer having a weakly-acidic functional group, wherein the weakly-acidic functional group has a second pKa value greater than the first pKa value.

Abstract: Improved catalyst layers for use in fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies, and methods for making such catalyst layers, are provided. Catalyst layers can comprise structured units of catalyst, catalyst support, and ionomer. The structured units can provide for more efficient electrical energy production and/or increased lifespan of fuel cells utilizing such membrane electrode assemblies. Catalyst layers can be directly deposited on exchange membranes, such as proton exchange membranes.

Abstract: Improved catalyst layers for use in fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies, and methods for making such catalyst layers, are provided. Catalyst layers can comprise structured units of catalyst, catalyst support, and ionomer. The structured units can provide for more efficient electrical energy production and/or increased lifespan of fuel cells utilizing such membrane electrode assemblies. Catalyst layers can be directly deposited on exchange membranes, such as proton exchange membranes.

Abstract: Some embodiments are directed to a light modulator comprising transparent or reflective substrates, multiple electrodes being applied to the substrates in a pattern across the substrate. A controller may apply an electric potential to the electrodes to obtain an electro-magnetic field between the electrodes providing electrophoretic movement of the particles towards or from an electrode.

Abstract: Some embodiments relate to a content matching system (101) comprising a first device (100), a matching server (300), and a second device (200). The content matching system enables the second device to consume content matching with content which is consumable on the first device, even if the first and second devices do not have access to the same streaming service.

Abstract: Improved catalyst layers for use in fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies, and methods for making such catalyst layers, are provided. Catalyst layers can comprise structured units of catalyst, catalyst support, and ionomer. The structured units can provide for more efficient electrical energy production and/or increased lifespan of fuel cells utilizing such membrane electrode assemblies. Catalyst layers can be directly deposited on exchange membranes, such as proton exchange membranes.

Abstract: Improved catalyst layers for use in fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies, and methods for making such catalyst layers, are provided. Catalyst layers can comprise structured units of catalyst, catalyst support, and ionomer. The structured units can provide for more efficient electrical energy production and/or increased lifespan of fuel cells utilizing such membrane electrode assemblies. Catalyst layers can be directly deposited on exchange membranes, such as proton exchange membranes.

Abstract: An ink for forming nanofiber fuel cell electrodes, and methods of ink formulations, and membrane-electrode-assemblies for electrochemical devices. The ink includes a first amount of a catalyst, a second amount of an ionomer in a salt form, and a third amount of a carrier polymer dispersed in one or more solvents, where a weight ratio of the first amount to the second and third amounts is in a range of about 1-1.5, and a weight ratio of the second amount to the third amount is in a range of about 1-3. The ink has a solids concentration in a range of about 1-30 wt %. Preferably, the solids concentration is in a range of about 10-15%.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising an electrowetting display element comprising a radiation filter, a first support plate, a second support plate, a first fluid and a second fluid immiscible with the first fluid. The apparatus comprises at least one processor and at least one memory comprising computer program instructions operable to, with the at least one processor: determine, based on an input signal indicative of a characteristic of an input to the apparatus, that a predetermined condition for reduction of an exposure of the first fluid to incident light is satisfied; and, in response, generate an output signal to control the electrowetting display element to configure the first fluid in a retracted configuration with the first fluid at least partly overlapped by the radiation filter and with both the first fluid and the second fluid in contact with a surface of the first support plate.

Abstract: A cargo alarm system has an alarm housing mounted to a vehicle. An alarm unit is contained by the alarm system housing. A first electrical connector is electrically connected to the alarm unit. A second electrical connector is electrically connected to the alarm unit. An electrical cable is electrically connectable at one end to the first electrical connector and at the opposite end to the second electrical connector. The alarm unit operates to detect cutting or unplugging of the electrical cable and generating an alarm signal in response.

Abstract: A method of controlling an electrowetting element. The method includes receiving first data indicative of a first display effect. Using the first data, a first magnitude of a first voltage is determined. The first voltage with the first magnitude is generated and applied to the electrowetting element. Second data indicative of a second display effect different from the first display effect is received. Using the second data, a second magnitude of a second voltage is determined. The second magnitude is equal to the first magnitude. The second voltage with the second magnitude is generated and applied to the electrowetting element.

Abstract: A cover for a fishing reel installed on a fishing rod can easily be drawn over and tightened in a matter of seconds to protect the reel without removing it from the rod. The cover has an open lower end to allow humidity to escape while the upper end encloses the reel and provides protection for any size or type of reel. The cover is lightweight and flexible. It can fit into any shirt, coat or pants pocket between uses.

Abstract: An electrowetting display device includes a control system for changing a configuration of first, second and third fluids by applying a voltage level of a first voltage to a first electrode and by applying a voltage level of a second voltage to a second electrode. The voltage level of the first voltage is selected from a first plurality of voltage levels and the voltage level of the second voltage is selected from a second plurality of voltage levels, the second plurality of voltage levels comprising fewer voltage levels than the first plurality of voltage levels.