Abstract: An antenna assembly includes a plurality of active antenna elements disposed in a first linear array along a reference line and equidistant from each adjacent antenna element by a first linear distance, and a plurality of passive antenna elements disposed in a second linear array extending parallel to the reference line such that each passive antenna element is a second linear distance away from a corresponding one of the active antenna elements. The antenna assembly includes or is operably coupled to a phase control module configured to apply selected phase fronts to selected ones of the antenna elements to generate constructive and destructive interference patterns to define a directive beam in a desired direction in a range between about 0 and 180 degrees relative to the reference line.

Abstract: A sound synthesizer including an audio import system, a database, and a processor. The processor is configured to compile audio data into a cycle map to represent pitch as a series of variable lengths, and volume as a series of variable heights. The processor is further configured to compile the audio data into an arc map to represent audio data as a series of variable lengths, and volume as a series of variable heights.

Abstract: A method of treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is provided to extend life expectancy in a subject. The method can include administering the ketamine to a subject having ALS such that the subject has an extended life expectancy compared to life expectancy of the subject prior to being administered the ketamine. The extended life expectancy is determined by the subject having a first progression rate of ALS prior to being administered ketamine and a second progression rate of ALS after being administered ketamine. The first progression rate is faster than the second progression rate such that the progression of ALS in the subject is slowed by the ketamine.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus and method for recording transmitted data items, and particularly television and radio programs. The data items are received at one or more inputs along with ID data identifying the transmitted data items and the program series to which the data item belongs. An input interface receives input indicating whether one or more received transmitted data items have been viewed or recorded by a user and a processor generates values for ranking the series to which each of the received data items belong based upon the received input. Subsequently received transmitted data items are stored in a storage device based on the generated values, the stored data items belonging to a series for which a value has been generated.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus and method for recording transmitted data items, and particularly television and radio programmes. The data items are received at one or more inputs along with ID data identifying the transmitted data items and the programme series to which the data item belongs. An input interface receives input indicating whether one or more received transmitted data items have been viewed or recorded by a user and a processor generates values for ranking the series to which each of the received data items belong based upon the received input. Subsequently received transmitted data items are stored in a storage device based on the generated values, the stored data items belonging to a series for which a value has been generated.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus and method for recording transmitted data items, and particularly television and radio programs. The data items are received at one or more inputs along with ID data identifying the transmitted data items and the program series to which the data item belongs. An input interface receives input indicating whether one or more received transmitted data items have been viewed or recorded by a user and a processor generates values for ranking the series to which each of the received data items belong based upon the received input. Subsequently received transmitted data items are stored in a storage device based on the generated values, the stored data items belonging to a series for which a value has been generated.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus and method for recording transmitted data items, and particularly television and radio programmes. The data items are received at one or more inputs along with ID data identifying the transmitted data items and the programme series to which the data item belongs. An input interface receives input indicating whether one or more received transmitted data items have been viewed or recorded by a user and a processor generates values for ranking the series to which each of the received data items belong based upon the received input. Subsequently received transmitted data items are stored in a storage device based on the generated values, the stored data items belonging to a series for which a value has been generated.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus and method for recording transmitted data items, and particularly television and radio programmes. The data items are received at one or more inputs along with ID data identifying the transmitted data items and the programme series to which the data item belongs. An input interface receives input indicating whether one or more received transmitted data items have been viewed or recorded by a user and a processor generates values for ranking the series to which each of the received data items belong based upon the received input. Subsequently received transmitted data items are stored in a storage device based on the generated values, the stored data items belonging to a series for which a value has been generated.

Abstract: This invention provides chimeric molecules that are catalytic antagonists of a target molecule. The catalytic antagonists of this invention preferably comprise a targeting moiety attached to an enzyme that degrades the molecule specifically bound by the targeting moiety. The catalytic antagonists of this invention thus bind to a target recognized by the targeting moiety (e.g., a receptor) the enzyme component of the chimera then degrades all or part of the target. This typically results in a reduction or loss of activity of the target and release of the chimeric molecule. The chimeric molecule is then free to attack and degrade another target molecule.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus and method for recording transmitted data items, and particularly television and radio programmes. The data items are received at one or more inputs along with ID data identifying the transmitted data items and the programme series to which the data item belongs. An input interface receives input indicating whether one or more received transmitted data items have been viewed or recorded by a user and a processor generates values for ranking the series to which each of the received data items belong based upon the received input. Subsequently received transmitted data items are stored in a storage device based on the generated values, the stored data items belonging to a series for which a value has been generated.

Abstract: Use of an immune modulator composition and/or pharmaceutical composition comprising a whole cell of a bacterium from the genera Rhodococcus, Gordonia, Nocardia, Dietzia, Tsukamurella and Nocardioides, for use in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of an autoimmune disease or autoimmune disorder, including certain vascular disorders.

Abstract: An immune modulator composition and/or pharmaceutical composition comprising a whole cell of a bacterium from the genera Rhodococcus, Gordonia, Nocardia, Dietzia, Tsukamurella and Nocardioides, wherein said immune modulator composition in use modifies a cellular immune response.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for treating or preventing (including immunising against) post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) and/or porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome (PDNS) in a subject comprising administering an effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition or immune modulator composition comprising a whole cell of a bacterium from one or more of the genera Rhodococcus, Gordonia, Nocardia, Dietzia, Tsukamurella and Nocardioides, to said subject. In addition the method relates to the use of an immune modulator composition or a pharmaceutical composition comprising a whole cell of a bacterium from the genera Rhodococcus, Gordonia, Nocardia, Dietzia, Tsukamurella and Nocardioides, in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment or prevention of post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) and/or porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome (PDNS).

Abstract: Flavivirus, rhabdovirus and paramyxovirus infections may be treated by administering an inhibitor of the enzyme dihydroorotate dehydrogenase such as 6-fluoro-2-(2?-fluoro-1,1?-biphenyl-4-yl)-3-methyl-4-quinolinearcarboxylic acid sodium salt (Brequinar). A synergistic effect can be obtained if an interferon such as interferon ?2, interferon ?8 or interferon ?, or an inhibitor of a second enzyme selected from inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase, guanosine monophosphate synthetase, cytidine triphosphate synthetase and S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase, is also administered.

Abstract: A value transfer system of at least one VCD (Value Carrying Device) (1) and at least one VAD (Value Accepting Device) (2), the VAD (2) having a memory (53) for storing at least an aggregate value (28) of previous accepted values and a device for transferring a claiming message (13), the VCD (1) having a memory (52) for storing at least a balance value (7) and a device for transferring a proving message (14), wherein the VAD (2) includes into the claiming message (13) a transaction value (20), a previous aggregate value (21) and a corresponding previously computed proving cryptogram (22), the VCD (1) computes and includes into the electronic message (14) a transaction proving cryptogram (35), computed on the basis of the previous aggregate value (21), the corresponding previously computed proving cryptogram (22) and the transaction value (20), and the VCD (1) computes the at least one transaction proving cryptogram (35) only if it has established the correctness of the received previous aggregate value (21) by

Abstract: In a card charging system, especially for public transport services, there is included: (a) a card read/write unit for receiving one or more prepaid or credit cards; (b) a transaction recording-payment facility; and (c) a security module located between the card read/write unit and the transaction recording-payment facility, the recording-payment facility operable to receive signals from the security module to enable a purchase to be made in return for an amount of credit debited from said one or more cards, wherein a contactless concessionary card reading subsystem is connected to the security module, in addition to the card read/write unit for prepaid or credit cards. The system provides the benefit that it is capable of accommodating concessionary card reading subsystems and determining appropriate debiting associated therewith in addition to improved transaction recording and enhanced security.

Abstract: In a card charging system, especially for public transport services, a host ticket facility is operable by both credit cards usable at a card read/write device and concessionary payment cards usable at a contactless card reader, and a security and transaction device located between the card readers and the host facility stores in separate storage devices full fares and concessionary fares which the host facility is able to calculate. A card charging system, especially but not exclusively for payment of public transport fares is described, having one or more card readers and a security and transaction device connected between the card reader(s) and a host facility and for transmitting information back to a clearing centre, wherein the security and transaction device includes a number of non-volatile storage devices for error counting and transmitting related performance data back to the clearing centre.

Abstract: In a card charging system, especially for public transport services, a host ticket facility is operable by both credit cards usable at a card read/write device and concessionary payment cards usable at a contactless card reader, and a security and transaction device located between the card readers and the host facility stores in separate storage devices full fares and concessionary fares which the host facility is able to calculate. A card charging system, especially but not exclusively for payment of public transport fares is described, having one or more card readers and a security and transaction device connected between the card reader(s) and a host facility and for transmitting information back to a clearing center, wherein the security and transaction device includes a number of non-volatile storage devices for error counting and transmitting related performance data back to the clearing center.

Abstract: There is described a card charging system comprising: (a) one or more smart card reading devices; (b) a transaction recording-payment facility; and (c) one or more security modules located between the one or more reading devices and the transaction recording-payment facility. The transaction facility is operable to receive signals from the one or more security modules to enable a purchase to be made in return for an amount of credit debited from a card; the one or more security modules record individual use of the card in respect of time and amount debited.

Abstract: A security device for use in a card charging system where a service or product providing facility issues services or products by the use of credit from a card. The security device comprises signal transmission means for delivering signals to a purchasing facility to enable a user to acquire a service or product dependent on the credit debited from a card, a record keeping subsystem to certify the credit debited from the card and to identify which account is to receive the debited credit and signal processing and output means for generating signals indicating a successful transaction. The signals may be encoded by use of encryption techniques. A separable security subsystem is provided to ensure a record of transactions is available if power fails on the main security device.