Abstract: In one example, a method is described. The method includes: obtaining network traffic data including at least one user agent, where the user agent is associated with a client device coupled to a network at a media exposure measurement location, and where the user agent comprises a string of characters defining client device attributes, comparing one or more of the client device attributes to candidate device attributes stored in an audience measurement database, based on the comparison, selecting, from a set of candidate device attributes, a set of target device attributes corresponding to a target device identifier, determining a number of occurrences of the set of target device attributes in the network traffic data, and based on a determination that the number of occurrences is above a threshold, outputting the target device identifier as the device identifier that corresponds to the user agent.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems, and articles of manufacture are disclosed to detect a presence status. An example apparatus includes media identification circuitry to generate first signatures representative of first audio data associated with a monitored media device, a comparator to obtain second signatures from a portable meter, the second signatures representative of second audio data sensed by the portable meter and compare the first signatures and the second signatures to determine a comparison result, presence detection circuitry to determine a presence status of a user based on the comparison result, the user associated with the portable meter, and network communication circuitry to transmit the presence status to a data processor to perform audience measurement based on the presence status.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems, and articles of manufacture are disclosed to detect a presence status. An example apparatus includes media identification circuitry to generate first signatures representative of first audio data associated with a monitored media device, a comparator to obtain second signatures from a portable meter, the second signatures representative of second audio data sensed by the portable meter and compare the first signatures and the second signatures to determine a comparison result, presence detection circuitry to determine a presence status of a user based on the comparison result, the user associated with the portable meter, and network communication circuitry to transmit the presence status to a data processor to perform audience measurement based on the presence status.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed for multimodal audience detection and identification. An example system disclosed herein includes at least one memory, instructions in the apparatus, and processor circuitry to execute the instructions to: select a portion of a set of signal strength values associated with advertising packets from a device associated with a user, the advertising packets captured by a multi-axis receiver on a plurality of different signal polarizations; calculate a first representative signal strength value based on the selected portion of signal strength values; and determine a presence of the user based on whether the first representative signal strength value satisfies a threshold.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems, and articles of manufacture are disclosed. An example apparatus includes interface circuitry to: obtain primary data from a first meter and a second meter, the primary data including at least one of: (a) acceleration data and (b) short-range wireless communication data; and obtain secondary data from the first meter and the second meter, the secondary data including at least one of: (a) location data and (b) audio data; comparator circuitry to: determine one or more primary factors based on the primary data, the primary factors to include at least one of a correlation coefficient or a difference in connected device sequences; determine one or more secondary factors based on the secondary data; and model executor circuitry to determine, based on the one or more primary factors and the one or more secondary factors, whether the first meter and the second meter correspond to duplicate wear.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems, and articles of manufacture are disclosed to determine whether audience measurement meters are co-located. An example apparatus is to, based on a difference between a first sampling time of a first entry of a first log and a second sampling time of a corresponding entry of a second log satisfying a first threshold, determine at least one matching instance of at least one first device identifier of the first entry and at least one second device identifier of the corresponding entry. Additionally, the example apparatus is to populate a variable with the at least one matching instance. The example apparatus is also to, based on a metric satisfying a second threshold, cause transmission of an alert indicating that a first meter and a second meter were co-located during generation of the first log and the second log, the metric based on the at least one matching instance.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed for multimodal audience detection and identification. An example system disclosed herein includes at least one memory, instructions in the apparatus, and processor circuitry to execute the instructions to: select a portion of a set of signal strength values associated with advertising packets from a device associated with a user, the advertising packets captured by a multi-axis receiver on a plurality of different signal polarizations; calculate a first representative signal strength value based on the selected portion of signal strength values; and determine a presence of the user based on whether the first representative signal strength value satisfies a threshold.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed for mobile device attention detection. An example apparatus includes a mobile meter to receive, from an external device, a signal to gather user attention data, and transmit the user attention data. The example apparatus further includes an interval timer to activate a time period for determining attention of a user. The example apparatus further includes an attention determiner to generate the user attention data during the time period.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed for mobile device attention detection. An example apparatus includes a mobile meter to receive, from an external device, a signal to gather user attention data, and transmit the user attention data. The example apparatus further includes an interval timer to activate a time period for determining attention of a user. The example apparatus further includes an attention determiner to generate the user attention data during the time period.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems, and articles of manufacture are disclosed to determine whether audience measurement meters are co-located. An example apparatus is to, based on a difference between a first sampling time of a first entry of a first log and a second sampling time of a corresponding entry of a second log satisfying a first threshold, determine at least one matching instance of at least one first device identifier of the first entry and at least one second device identifier of the corresponding entry. Additionally, the example apparatus is to populate a variable with the at least one matching instance. The example apparatus is also to, based on a metric satisfying a second threshold, cause transmission of an alert indicating that a first meter and a second meter were co-located during generation of the first log and the second log, the metric based on the at least one matching instance.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems, and articles of manufacture are disclosed to determine whether audience measurement meters are co-located. An example apparatus is to, based on a difference between a first sampling time of a first entry of a first log and a second sampling time of a corresponding entry of a second log satisfying a first threshold, determine at least one matching instance of at least one first device identifier of the first entry and at least one second device identifier of the corresponding entry. Additionally, the example apparatus is to populate a variable with the at least one matching instance. The example apparatus is also to, based on a metric satisfying a second threshold, cause transmission of an alert indicating that a first meter and a second meter were co-located during generation of the first log and the second log, the metric based on the at least one matching instance.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems, and articles of manufacture are disclosed. An example apparatus includes interface circuitry to: obtain primary data from a first meter and a second meter, the primary data including at least one of: (a) acceleration data and (b) short-range wireless communication data; and obtain secondary data from the first meter and the second meter, the secondary data including at least one of: (a) location data and (b) audio data; comparator circuitry to: determine one or more primary factors based on the primary data, the primary factors to include at least one of a correlation coefficient or a difference in connected device sequences; determine one or more secondary factors based on the secondary data; and model executor circuitry to determine, based on the one or more primary factors and the one or more secondary factors, whether the first meter and the second meter correspond to duplicate wear.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture to measure engagement of media consumers based on acoustic environment are disclosed. Example apparatus disclosed herein are to identify media device audio data and ambient environment audio data from sensed audio data collected from an environment, and determine classification data for the media device audio data and the ambient environment audio data. Disclosed example apparatus are also to process the classification data with a machine learning model to calculate an engagement metric. Disclosed example apparatus are further to determine whether at least one individual is engaged with media in the environment based on the engagement metric.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems, and articles of manufacture are disclosed to detect a presence status. An example apparatus includes media identification circuitry to generate first signatures representative of first audio data associated with a monitored media device, a comparator to obtain second signatures from a portable meter, the second signatures representative of second audio data sensed by the portable meter and compare the first signatures and the second signatures to determine a comparison result, presence detection circuitry to determine a presence status of a user based on the comparison result, the user associated with the portable meter, and network communication circuitry to transmit the presence status to a data processor to perform audience measurement based on the presence status.

Abstract: Example methods, apparatus and articles of manufacture to determine semantic information for audio are disclosed. Example apparatus disclosed herein are to process an audio signal obtained by a media device to determine values of a plurality of features that are characteristic of the audio signal, compare the values of the plurality of features to a first template having corresponding first ranges of the plurality of features to determine a first score, the first template associated with first semantic information, compare the values of the plurality of features to a second template having corresponding second ranges of the plurality of features to determine a second score, the second template associated with second semantic information, and associate the audio signal with at least one of the first semantic information or the second semantic information based on the first score and the second score.

Abstract: Apparatuses are disclosed for identifying portable devices carried by the same person. An example apparatus includes at least one memory, instructions on the apparatus, and a processor to execute the instructions to access media exposure data from at least one of a plurality of portable computing devices, access motion strings from each of the plurality of portable computing devices, each of said strings comprising a successive binary representation of motion over a first period of time, compare the motion strings in a processor to determine if at least two motion strings match within a predetermined threshold, and identify the devices that produced matching motion strings.

Abstract: Example systems, methods, apparatus and articles of manufacture for wirelessly modifying detection characteristics of portable devices are disclosed herein. Example portable devices include example radio circuitry and example processor circuitry. In disclosed examples, the example processor circuitry is to cause the radio circuitry to scan for radio frequency beacons. The example processor circuitry is also to trigger activation of audio monitoring via a microphone of the portable device in response to establishment of a first connection with a first radio frequency beacon, the audio monitoring to at least one of detect an audio code or generate an audio signature. The example processor circuitry is further to cause the audio monitoring to stop in response to establishment of a second connection with a second radio frequency beacon different from the first radio frequency beacon.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems, and articles of manufacture are disclosed to detect a presence status. An example apparatus includes media identification circuitry to generate first signatures representative of first audio data associated with a monitored media device, a comparator to obtain second signatures from a portable meter, the second signatures representative of second audio data sensed by the portable meter and compare the first signatures and the second signatures to determine a comparison result, presence detection circuitry to determine a presence status of a user based on the comparison result, the user associated with the portable meter, and network communication circuitry to transmit the presence status to a data processor to perform audience measurement based on the presence status.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed for mobile device attention detection. An example apparatus includes a mobile meter to receive, from an external device, a signal to gather user attention data, and transmit the user attention data. The example apparatus further includes an interval timer to activate a time period for determining attention of a user. The example apparatus further includes an attention determiner to generate the user attention data during the time period.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus to dynamically generate audio signatures adaptive to circumstances associated with media being monitored are disclosed. An example apparatus includes a media content analyzer to detect a watermark encoded in media monitored by a meter. The apparatus includes a media environment analyzer to estimate an amount of background noise in an environment in which the media is monitored by the meter. The apparatus further includes a signature scheme selector to select a first signature scheme from among a plurality of signature schemes to generate monitored signatures of the media. The first signature scheme is selected based on the amount of background noise. The apparatus also includes a signature generator to generate a first monitored signature of the media based on the first signature scheme.