Abstract: Porous and microporous parts prepared by additive manufacturing as disclosed herein are useful in medical and non-medical applications. The parts are prepared from a composition containing both a solvent soluble component and a solvent insoluble component. After a part is printed by an additive manufacturing process it is exposed to solvent to extract solvent soluble component away front the printed part, resulting in a part having surface cavities.

Abstract: A composition comprising an aluminum chlorohydrate salt, the aluminum chlorohydrate salt having at least 50 mole % Al30 polyhydroxyoxoaluminum cation of all polyhydroxyoxoaluminum cations detectable by quantitative 27Al NMR within the aluminum chlorohydrate salt, and a buffer. The composition can optionally include zirconium. Also disclosed are a method of making an aluminum salt using an increased molar concentration of a starting aluminum salt with a buffer, a method of reducing perspiration with the aluminum chlorohydrate salt, and a method of treating water with the aluminum chlorohydrate salt.

Abstract: An antiperspirant active composition comprising an aluminum salt, the aluminum salt (i) having an aluminum to chloride molar ratio of 0.3:1 to 3:1; and (ii) having a species of polyhydroxyoxoaluminum cation detectable at 76 ppm by 27Al NMR that is present in a relative abundance on a 27Al NMR spectrograph that is greater than any other polyhydroxyoxoaluminum cation detectable by 27Al NMR. Also, disclosed are methods of making the antiperspirant active.

Abstract: An antiperspirant active composition comprising an aluminum salt, the aluminum salt (i) having an aluminum to chloride molar ratio of 0.3:1 to 3:1; and (ii) having a species of polyhydroxyoxoaluminum cation detectable at 76 ppm by 27Al NMR that is present in a relative abundance on a 27Al NMR spectrograph that is greater than any other polyhydroxyoxoaluminum cation detectable by 27Al NMR. Also, disclosed are methods of making the antiperspirant active.

Abstract: A composition comprising an aluminum chlorohydrate salt, the aluminum chlorohydrate salt having at least 50 mole % Al30 polyhydroxyoxoaluminum cation of all polyhydroxyoxoaluminum cations detectable by quantitative 27Al NMR within the aluminum chlorohydrate salt, and a buffer. The composition can optionally include zirconium. Also disclosed are a method of making an aluminum salt using an increased molar concentration of a starting aluminum salt with a buffer, a method of reducing perspiration with the aluminum chlorohydrate salt, and a method of treating water with the aluminum chlorohydrate salt.

Abstract: A composition comprising an aluminum chlorohydrate salt, the aluminum chlorohydrate salt having at least 50 mole % Al30 polyhydroxyoxoaluminum cation of all polyhydroxyoxoaluminum cations detectable by quantitative27 Al NMR within the aluminum chlorohydrate salt, and a buffer. The composition can optionally include zirconium. Also disclosed are a method of making an aluminum salt using an increased molar concentration of a starting aluminum salt with a buffer, a method of reducing perspiration with the aluminum chlorohydrate salt, and a method of treating water with the aluminum chlorohydrate salt.

Abstract: Methods of estimating the suitability of a candidate antiperspirant material by measuring the zeta potential of the material.

Abstract: An antiperspirant active composition comprising an aluminum salt, the aluminum salt (i) having an aluminum to chloride molar ratio of 0.3:1 to 3:1; and (ii) having a species of polyhydroxyoxoaluminum cation detectable it 76 ppm by 27Al NMR that is present in a relative abundance on a 27Al NMR spectrograph that is greater than an other polyhydroxyoxoaluminum cation detectable by 27Al NMR. Also, disclosed are methods of making the antiperspirant active.

Abstract: An antiperspirant active composition comprising an aluminum salt, the aluminum salt (i) having an aluminum to chloride molar ratio of 0.3:1 to 3:1; and (ii) having a species of polyhydroxyoxoaluminum cation detectable it 76 ppm by 27Al NMR that is present in a relative abundance on a 27Al NMR spectrograph that is greater than an other polyhydroxyoxoaluminum cation detectable by 27Al NMR. Also, disclosed are methods of making the antiperspirant active.

Abstract: A composition comprising a polyhydroxyoxoaluminum cation detectable at 76 ppm by 27Al NMR that is present in a relative abundance on a 27Al NMR spectrograph that is greater than any other polyhydroxyoxoaluminum cation detectable by 27Al NMR. Also, disclosed are methods of making the composition.

Abstract: A method of making aluminum salt compositions using a combination of a basic organic buffer with a source of alkaline earth metal ions. This selection of basic organic buffer provides for a lower alkaline earth metal salt content in the composition made by the method.

Abstract: Several systems of thermally stable inorganic salts with low melting points are disclosed. These compositions include sodium, potassium, zinc, chloride, and sulfate and can have thermal stability limits greater than 700° C.

Abstract: An antiperspirant active composition comprising an aluminum salt, the aluminum salt (i) having an aluminum to chloride molar ratio of 0.3:1 to 3:1; and (ii) having a species of polyhydroxyoxoaluminum cation detectable at 76 ppm by 27Al NMR that is present in a relative abundance on a 27Al NMR spectrograph that is greater than any other polyhydroxyoxoaluminum cation detectable by 27Al NMR. Also, disclosed are methods of making the antiperspirant active.

Abstract: A composition comprising a polyhydroxyoxoaluminum cation detectable at 76 ppm by 27Al NMR that is present in a relative abundance on a 27Al NMR spectrograph that is greater than any other polyhydroxyoxoaluminum cation detectable by 27Al NMR. Also, disclosed are methods of making the composition.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the present disclosure relates generally to a method for recovering an element from a mixture of the element with an ionic halide. In one embodiment, the method includes treating the mixture of the element and the ionic halide with an acidic solution to dissolve the ionic halide, wherein the acidic solution comprises water and an acid and has a pH of less than 1.0 and removing the element from an aqueous solution that results after the treating step.

Abstract: A composition comprising an aluminum chlorohydrate salt, the aluminum chlorohydrate salt having at least 50 mole % Al30 polyhydroxyoxoaluminum cation of all polyhydroxyoxoaluminum cations detectable by quantitative27 Al NMR within the aluminum chlorohydrate salt, and a buffer. The composition can optionally include zirconium. Also disclosed are a method of making an aluminum salt using an increased molar concentration of a starting aluminum salt with a buffer, a method of reducing perspiration with the aluminum chlorohydrate salt, and a method of treating water with the aluminum chlorohydrate salt.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the present disclosure relates generally to a method for recovering an element from a mixture of the element with an ionic halide. In one embodiment, the method includes treating the mixture of the element and the ionic halide with an acidic solution to dissolve the ionic halide, wherein the acidic solution comprises water and an acid and has a pH of less than 1.0 and removing the element from an aqueous solution that results after the treating step.

Abstract: An apparatus (10) helps protect an occupant of a vehicle (12) that has a side structure (16) and a roof (18). The apparatus (10) includes a first portion (80) including at least one inflatable chamber (114). The first portion (80) is inflatable away from the vehicle roof (18) between the side structure (16) of the vehicle (12) and a vehicle occupant (20). The apparatus (10) also includes a second portion (100, 102) that includes at least one inflatable chamber. The second portion (100, 102) is inflatable away from the vehicle roof (18) between the side structure (16) of the vehicle (12) and a vehicle occupant (20). The second portion (100, 102) when inflated extends below the first portion (80) and adjacent a thorax (152) of a vehicle occupant (20) when inflated. Fluid communication between the chambers of the first portion (80) and second portion (100, 102) is substantially blocked.

Abstract: An improved high torque fastener is provided of the type having a screw head with a generally bow-tie shaped driving slot formed with undercut side walls and an arcuately concave bottom wall for reception of an arcuately convex blade of a driving tool for relatively high torque transfer therebetween. The improved fastener includes a conical recess positioned centrally along the driving slot with a base diameter substantially greater than the width of the slot thereat and an apex disposed substantially below the slot bottom wall. The improved driving tool includes a conical tip formed centrally on an arcuately convex blade with a substantially pointed end projecting beyond the blade, wherein the blade and tip provide geometric surfaces for facilitated and aligned centering and coaxial substantial mating reception into the fastener driving slot and conical recess. Apparatus for forming the improved fastener is also disclosed.

Abstract: An improved high torque fastener is provided of the type having a screw head with a generally bow-tie shaped driving slot formed with undercut side walls and an arcuately concave bottom wall for reception of an arcuately convex blade of a driving tool for relatively high torque transfer therebetween. The improved fastener includes a conical recess positioned centrally along the driving slot with a base diameter substantially greater than the width of the slot thereat and an apex disposed substantially below the slot bottom wall. The improved driving tool includes a conical tip formed centrally on an arcuately convex blade with a substantially pointed end projecting beyond the blade, wherein the blade and tip provide geometric surfaces for facilitated and aligned centering and coaxial substantial mating reception into the fastener driving slot and conical recess. Apparatus for forming the improved fastener is also disclosed.