Abstract: The present invention relates to the use, as a hydraulic fluid or metalworking lubricant, of compositions having water as a base and yet possessing superior lubricating and wear preventing characteristics. The fluids of the invention comprise (1) a sulfurized molybdenum or antimony compound and (2) a phosphate ester or salt thereof. The compositions can be thickened, if desired, using for instance polyglycol, polyacrylic and polyvinyl alcohol-type thickeners. The use of corrosion inhibitors, metal deactivators and other adjuvants conventional in this art is also contemplated.

Abstract: Water-based hydraulic fluids and metalworking lubricants are disclosed which are thickened with a polyether polyol having a molecular weight of about 1000 to about 75,000 modified with an alpha-olefin epoxide having about 12 to about 18 carbon atoms. Unexpectedly, synergistic thickening results from a combination of said polyether polyol with the components of a water-based hydraulic fluid or metalworking lubricant. The particularly effective components of the hydraulic fluid or metalworking lubricant are the phosphate ester and water-soluble amine corrosion inhibitor components. The hydraulic fluid and metalworking fluids of the invention also contain a water-soluble polyoxyethylated ester of an aliphatic acid and a monohydric or polyhydric aliphatic alcohol, either one or both said acid and said alcohol being polyoxyethylated, a sulfurized molybdenum or antimony compound and a metal deactivator as well as other adjuvants conventional in this art.

Abstract: The strength of ice is reduced by dissolving in water prior to freezing a composition of (A) a water-soluble polyhydroxy compound or monoalkylether thereof and (B) an alkali metal carbonate in an amount to provide an effective amount of (A) plus (B). The method is especially useful for application to particulate solids, such as coal and mineral ores, which are shipped and stored in masses exposed to freezing temperatures. Any ice that is formed is physically weak and will not deter the unloading of the thusly conditioned particulate solids.

Abstract: A spotting-agent composition for use in laundering garments is provided which consists essentially of a solution of (1) about 10 weight percent or more of a nonionic surfactant produced by reacting a mixture of fatty alcohols containing 10 to 18 carbon atoms (with the proviso that the proportion of such alcohols which is attributable to alcohols containing 17 or more carbon atoms is limited to about 20 percent by weight) with mixed lower-alkylene oxides (ethylene oxide and propylene oxide) to such an extent as to have the mixed oxides comprise about 57 to 68 weight percent of the total fatty alcohol plus alkylene oxides used, with the proportion of ethylene oxide in the mixed oxides used being about 50 to 70%, in (2) an isoparaffinic solvent made of a mixture of isoparaffins containing about 11 to 14 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A novel antifreeze composition is provided which comprises a water soluble liquid alcohol freezing point depressant and an inhibitor. The freezing point depressant is preferably at least one water soluble alcohol containing from one to four carbon atoms inclusive and from one to four hydroxy groups inclusive such as ethylene glycol. The inhibitor comprises at least one substance selected from the group consisting ofA. compounds corresponding to the following structural formula: ##SPC1##Wherein R.sub.1 is an alkylene radical containing from zero to 12 carbon atoms inclusive, R.sub.2 is an alkyl radical containing from one to 10 carbon atoms inclusive and R.sub.3 is an alkylene radical containing from one to 12 carbon atoms inclusive, andB. the mono- and di-metal salts, the mono- and di-ammonium salts, and the mono- and di-amides of compounds corresponding to the above structural formula.