Abstract: A pair of strips formed of dissimilar materials, such as copper and zinc for example, are disposed along a surface to define a zone which inhibits the entry of snails, slugs or the like. The dissimilar materials are ones which exhibit different electrode potentials or voltages when in contact with an electrolyte. It is believed that the exudate or slime present on the skin of a snail or the like has electrolytic characteristics and electrochemical reactions occur when the body of the snail or the like spans the dissimilar strips which reactions are sensed by the snail and discourage further progress. The barrier may be preformed as a flexible, adhesive coated ribbon or tape with the two electrically conductive strips extending along opposite edge regions of one surface of the tape.

Abstract: Heart pulse rate is measured by use of a pair of handle grips (12), (14) for a bicycle handle (16), and the like, one of which grips (12) provides a conductive contact (22), (23) between one of the hands of a user of the apparatus and an associated end of the handlebar. The other of the hand grips (14) includes a pair of contacts (32), (34) arranged for being simultaneously engaged by the other hand of the user of the device, with a further contact (30) being disposed for electrical connection to an end of the handlebar associated with the other of the hand grips. In this manner, the handlebar serves to complete a circuit through the user's body and enables a pulse monitoring apparatus (26) preferably provided on one of the hand grips (14) to detect and display the pulse rate of the user of the apparatus.