Abstract: A composition for extracting a metal, the composition comprising an organic phase comprising a crown either, an organic solvent, and an organic phosphate. The crown either may comprise B15C5 crown and the organic solvent may comprise chloroform and/or toluene. The organic phase may further comprise an alcohol. A method for extracting a metal, the method comprising disposing an organic phase comprising a crown either, an organic solvent, and an organic phosphate; and an aqueous phase comprising a metal salt and a base into a high-speed countercurrent chromatograph. The metal may comprise a lithium ion.

Abstract: A kit for reagents for use in an acoustic apparatus includes a first fluid that is a lysis fluid, a second fluid having an acoustic contrast that is greater than that of the first fluid, and a reagent for labeling a particle.

Abstract: Printing of conductive layers on and/or in semiconductor materials using acoustic focusing to create a standing half-wave sound wave across a capillary. In response to the acoustic pressure, particles denser than the fluid in the capillary are driven to the node in the center of the capillary to concentrate metal particles within an organic solvent flowing through the capillary. Depositing the focused flow on a surface and/or substrate creates a line of metal particles that can be subsequently treated to create a conductive line. The concentrated metal particles are arranged in a stream of ink and subsequently deposited on a surface, creating a long pile of metal particles that are subsequently treated to form a conductive line for use in photovoltaic arrays.

Abstract: The present invention comprises methods and systems that use acoustic radiation pressure.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods and devices for the assessment and identification of cellular biological activity mechanisms; the assessment and identification of the changes in cellular biological activity mechanisms caused by cellular perturbations; the assessment and identification of the cellular function, or biological activity mechanisms of genes and gene products and; and the identification of the many genes and their products that collectively act together in a biological mechanism.

Abstract: A computer based system for analyzing a set of data objects and establishing a mechanism model representing a set of features that is likely to correlate with a specified response characteristic. A computer may establish a description for each of the data objects based on a comparison between a set of descriptors and features of the data objects. The computer may then select a group of the data objects that have similar descriptions and that represent the specified response characteristic. The computer may then adaptively learn a mechanism model by mapping the discriminating features of the group back to the objects in the group. The computer may further designate the mechanism model as a new descriptor and iteratively repeat the process to establish yet an improved mechanism model. The invention is particularly well suited for use in establishing pharmacophores representing chemical structures that are likely to correlate with activity in a particular assay.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods and devices for the assessment and identification of cellular biological activity mechanisms; the assessment and identification of the changes in cellular biological activity mechanisms caused by cellular perturbations; the assessment and identification of the cellular function, or biological activity mechanisms of genes and gene products and; and the identification of the many genes and their products that collectively act together in a biological mechanism.

Abstract: A gaseous sample for mass spectroscopy analysis is introduced into an ion resonance cell within an evacuated chamber. An electron beam is passed through the cell to ionize the gas. A magnetic field is applied along a first direction within the cell and a static electric field is applied along a second direction orthogonal to the first direction. The combined action of the magnetic and static electric fields confine the ions and cause them to orbit. An alternating electric field is created within the cell to excite ions having mass-to-charge ratios within a predetermined range. A time domain signal produced by the excited ions is detected and digitized. The digital samples of the time domain electical signal are transformed into frequency domain data by linear prediction using a linear lest-squares procedure. The resultant frequency domain data contains information about the mass of the different types of ions present in the cell and the relative number of each type.