Abstract: An animal digestible chewing gum composition is provided comprising a water soluble gum portion and water insoluble gum base portion including an animal digestible elastomer. Additionally, a method for creating an animal digestible chew gum is provided comprising the steps of creating a chewing gum base that includes a sufficient amount of an animal digestible elastomer to create a resultant chewing gum that is more digestible by an animal than a chewing gum without such an elastomer, and adding to the chewing gum base a water soluble portion to create a resultant chewing gum.

Abstract: A low cost toaster having a metal body and plastic end panels. The end panels have cooling inlet vents near their lower ends and the top wall of the metal body has air outlet vents. Ambient air admitted through the inlet vents flows upwardly through the toaster and outwardly through the outlet vents to provide a cooling effect sufficient to allow the use of inexpensive plastic material for molding the end panels. The toaster has a bread lifter made entirely from a wire rod, a bread lifter extension made entirely from a wire rod, and a toast color cam made entirely from a single piece of sheet metal.

Abstract: Chewing gum bases, and resultant chewing gums, that are environmentally friendly are provided. The chewing gum base comprising approximately 1 to about 99% by weight polyhydroxyalkanoates having side chain lengths of C4 to C30.

Abstract: A low cost toaster having a metal body and plastic end panels. The end panels have cooling inlet vents near their lower ends and the top wall of the metal body has air outlet vents. Ambient air admitted through the inlet vents flows upwardly through the toaster and outwardly through the outlet vents to provide a cooling effect sufficient to allow the use of inexpensive plastic material for molding the end panels. The toaster has a bread lifter made entirely from a wire rod, a bread lifter extension made entirely from a wire rod, and a toast color cam made entirely from a single piece of sheet metal.

Abstract: A low cost toaster having a metal body and plastic end panels. The end panels have cooling inlet vents near their lower ends and the top wall of the metal body has air outlet vents. Ambient air admitted through the inlet vents flows upwardly through the toaster and outwardly through the outlet vents to provide a cooling effect sufficient to allow the use of inexpensive plastic material for molding the end panels. The toaster has a bread lifter made entirely from a wire rod, a bread lifter extension made entirely from a wire rod, and a toast color cam made entirely from a single piece of sheet metal.

Abstract: A gum base, as well as methods for making same, is provided which is free of wax, but has an increased glass transition temperature. It has been found by removing or reducing gum base vinyl polymer softeners that the glass transition temperature of the gum base can be raised to a temperature wherein even at elevated ambient temperatures, blocking (agglomeration) does not occur.

Abstract: A chewing gum elastomer is stabilized with a specific mixture of tocopherol homologs, thereby eliminating the need for synthetic antioxidants. The mixture of tocopherol homologs falls within the range of 7-20% by weight alpha tocopherol, 45-75% by weight gamma tocopherol, 18-32% by weight delta tocopherol and, optionally, 0-3% by weight beta tocopherol.

Abstract: Aspartame in chewing gum is stabilized by acidifying the humectant which is then added to the chewing gum. Enough food acid is added to the humectant to cause the pH of the humectant to remain between about 3.0-5.0, in order to create the most stable environment for the aspartame. Because the acidified humectant is dispersed substantially uniformly throughout the chewing gum, aspartame located anywhere in the gum is stabilized.

Abstract: An apparatus detects the azimuth of the migration of groundwater containing suspended microscopic particles. The apparatus comprises a probe consisting of a light source which emits light in a vertical orientation and a photodigitizer which faces the light source and is separated from the light source to permit the flow of groundwater between the light source and the photodigitizer. When the probe is submerged in migrating groundwater, the eclipses of light created by the suspended microscopic particles as the groundwater passes between the light source and the photodigitizer are detected by the photodigitizer. Information from the photodigitizer is processed and then visually displayed.

Abstract: Thru-holes are drilled in a printed circuit board panel having alternating dielectric layers and electrically conductive layers. A water soluble dry film lubricant sheet is placed adjacent an electrically conductive outer layer of the panel prior to drilling thru-holes through the panel with a rotary drill. The drill surface is lubricated while forming a clean thru-hole from contact between the drill and the lubricant. The dry film lubricant generally may comprise a water soluble lubricant hardened to a solid or semi-solid dry film-form and impregnated in a carrier such as a porous paper sheet. In one embodiment, the dry film lubricant includes a water soluble lubricant such as dipropylene glycol, a non-ionic surfactant, and a wax-like hardener. Following drilling of the thru-holes, the dry film lubricant sheet is removed, and the thru-holes can be rinsed in an aqueous alkaline solution.

Abstract: An apparatus measures changes in groundwater pressure in a borehole. The apparatus comprises: a probe consisting of a hollow tube having a smooth interior surface, an ultrasonic transmitter which emits ultrasonic waves down the interior of the tube, and an ultrasonic receiver which receives and registers the reflected ultrasonic waves; a means to raise and lower the probe so the tube is partially submerged in the groundwater; a means to control the emission of ultrasonic waves; a means to convert the time interval into a distance or pressure measurement; and a means to store or transmit the data.

Abstract: Thru-holes are drilled in a printed circuit board panel having alternating dielectric layers and electrically conductive layers. A water soluble dry film lubricant sheet is placed adjacent an electrically conductive outer layer of the panel prior to drilling thru-holes through the panel with a rotary drill. The drill surface is lubricated while forming a clean thru-hole from contact between the drill and the lubricant. The dry film lubricant generally may comprise a water soluble lubricant hardened to a solid or semi-solid dry film-form and impregnated in a carrier such as a porous paper sheet. In one embodiment, the dry film lubricant includes a water soluble lubricant such as dipropylene glycol, a non-ionic surfactant, and a wax-like hardener. Following drilling of the thru-holes, the dry film lubricant sheet is removed, and the thru-holes can be rinsed in an aqueous alkaline solution.

Abstract: A process for creating a hot dry rock oven for the extraction of heat energy is disclosed wherein the geothermal fluid injection and withdrawal wells are brought into positive hydraulic communication during the creation of the hot dry rock oven. The oven complex is produced by fracturing the formation from a plurality of bore holes simultaneously.

Abstract: A process for creating a hot dry rock oven for the extraction of heat energy is disclosed wherein the geothermal fluid injection and withdrawal wells are brought into positive hydraulic communication during the creation of the hot dry rock oven. The oven complex is produced by fracturing the formation from a plurality of bore holes simultaneously.

Abstract: An apparatus detects the azimuth of the migration of groundwater containing suspended microscopic particles. The apparatus comprises a probe consisting of a light source which emits light in a vertical orientation and a photodigitizer which faces the light source and is separated from the light source to permit the flow of groundwater between the light source and the photodigitizer. When the probe is submerged in migrating groundwater, the eclipses of light created by the suspended microscopic particles as the groundwater passes between the light source and the photodigitizer are detected by the photodigitizer. Information from the photodigitizer is processed and then visually displayed.