Abstract: The present invention provides a composition, which comprises an aqueous-based solvent and forms a transparent colourless coating, which yields markings of high contrast on exposure to energy. It also provides a process for the preparation of these compositions, substrates coated with these compositions and a process for their preparation, a process for preparing marked substrates using these compositions and marked substrates obtainable by the latter process.

Abstract: An apparatus and method is provided for optimizing LED driver efficiency. The present invention offers low cost solutions for powering LEDs while minimizing overall power dissipation in devices powered by a depletable power source. Low system cost is attained using a charge pump to increase LED drive voltage level and implementing combinations of drive techniques to overcome the inefficiency of the charge pump. A switch bypasses the charge pump when depletable power source output voltage is sufficient to directly drive an LED load. At certain output voltage levels, the switch can be opened causing the charge pump to boost drive voltage. The output voltage may also be PWM modulated to drive the LED load and, at some voltages, the depletable power source may drive the LED load directly. Efficiency levels of 90-97% are attainable.

Abstract: A high-pressure fixed munition for a low-pressure launching system having a cylindrical body with a centrally located bore is provided. The bore of the munition has a reduced diameter on the charge end in which a primer charge is positioned. The bore is filled above the primer charge with a propellant and above the propellant with a payload. The payload may include multiple buckshot pellets, frangible buckshot pellets, tear gas, multiple slugs, frangible slugs, paint balls, rubber pellets, bean bags, or the like. The munition may also include a pressure disk between the propellant and the payload, and tactile ridges or on the outside surface of the munition body or be of a specific color for purposes of identification of the payload.

Abstract: New color developers, new mixture comprising it, its processes for preparation, heat sensitive recording compositions and materials comprising the novel developers and mixtures as well as their uses in heat sensitive recording materials.

Abstract: The present invention provides coating compositions for marking substrates, which comprises a colour former, an amine salt of an organic metal compound, a binder, a solvent, and optionally additional components, wherein the amine salt of the organic metal compound is of formula (I) in which X is silicon or boron, and E and F are the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h in which R6 and R7 are the same or different are hydrogen, C1-4-alkyl, C1-4-alkoxy, halogen, amino or carboxy, and for X=silicon o=1 and p=0, and R1 is aryl, aralkyl or C1-4-alkyl, or o=1 and p=1, and R1 and R2 together form a one residue selected from the group consisting of a, b, c, d, e, f, g and h, and for X=boron o=0 and p=0, and R3, R4 and R5 are the same or different and are hydrogen, C1-12-alkyl, C1-6-hydroxyalkyl, allyl, aralkyl or arylsulfonyl, in which aralkyl or arylsulfonyl can be substituted with C1-4-alkyl, or R3 and R4 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a

Abstract: An apparatus and method is provided for optimizing LED driver efficiency. The present invention offers low cost solutions for powering LEDs while minimizing overall power dissipation in devices powered by a depletable power source. Low system cost is attained using a charge pump to increase LED drive voltage level and implementing combinations of drive techniques to overcome the inefficiency of the charge pump. A switch bypasses the charge pump when depletable power source output voltage is sufficient to directly drive an LED load. At certain output voltage levels, the switch can be opened causing the charge pump to boost drive voltage. The output voltage may also be PWM modulated to drive the LED load and, at some voltages, the depletable power source may drive the LED load directly. Efficiency levels of 90-97% are attainable.

Abstract: A high-pressure fixed munition for a low-pressure launching system having a cylindrical body with a centrally located bore is provided. The bore of the munition has a reduced diameter on the charge end in which a primer charge is positioned. The bore is filled above the primer charge with a propellant and above the propellant with a payload. The payload may include multiple buckshot pellets, frangible buckshot pellets, tear gas, multiple slugs, frangible slugs, paint balls, rubber pellets, bean bags, or the like. The munition may also include a pressure disk between the propellant and the payload, and tactile ridges or on the outside surface of the munition body or be of a specific color for purposes of identification of the payload.

Abstract: New colour developers, new mixture comprising it, its processes for preparation, heat sensitive recording compositions and materials comprising the novel developers and mixtures as well as their uses in heat sensitive recording materials.

Abstract: An improved method of producing keto acids having the formula (I), wherein R1 and R2 independently represent (a) hydrogen, 1

Abstract: An apparatus consisting of a single wire bond silicon sub-mount used to make an LED device which also has built-in ESD protection in the sub-mount. The single wire bond silicon sub-mount uses a pass-through interconnection between the topside of the sub-mount and the underside so that the LED chip mounted thereon is electrically coupled through the sub-mount to the anode.

Abstract: An apparatus consisting of a single wire bond silicon sub-mount used to make an LED device which also has built-in ESD protection in the sub-mount. The single wire bond silicon sub-mount uses a pass-through interconnection between the topside of the sub-mount and the underside so that the LED chip mounted thereon is electrically coupled through the sub-mount to the anode.

Abstract: A heat sensitive recording material, comprising a) at least one colour forming compound, and b) at least one developer of the formula  wherein R1 is unsubstituted or substituted phenyl, naphthyl or C1-C20alkyl, X is a group of the formula A is unsubstituted or substituted phenylene, naphthylene or C1-C12alkylene, or is an unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic group, B is a linking group of formula —O—SO2—, —SO2—O—, —NH—SO2—, —SO2—NH—, —S—SO2—, —O—CO—, —O—CO—NH—, —NH—CO—, —NH—CO—O—, —S—CO—NH—, —S—CS—NH—, —CO—NH—SO2—, —O—CO—NH—SO2—, —NH═CH—, —CO—NH—CO—, —S—, —CO—, —O—, —SO2—NH—CO—, —O&m

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) tube, and more particularly to a PTFE tube for a flexible hose. In particular the invention relates to a PTFE tube having a smooth bore for use in the production of a lined hose assembly farther comprising hose braids, external hose protection and end fittings. The PTFE tube comprises external roots and peaks, which tube is obtainable from a non-convoluted tube having an original wall thickness W0 and an internal diameter ID by a process in which a region of the tube is thinned to provide external convolutions with a root wall thickness W1 characterised in that the convoluted PFTE tube has an improved resistance, of greater than 7.6%, to permeation by comparison with the non-convoluted tube, the comparison being made between tubes of (i) equal nominal bore ID; and (ii) equal weight of PTFE per unit length.

Abstract: Disclosed are a novel crystal form of the fluoran compound represented by formula (I) as characterised by specific X-ray powder diffraction pattern and melting range; process for the preparation of said novel crystal form and recording materials comprising the said crystal form.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for the preparation of 3-(N,N-dimethylamino)benzoic acid which comprises subjecting an aqueous solution of an alkali metal salt or ammonium salt of 3-aminobenzoic acid to reductive methylation in the presence of a supported transition metal catalyst, by the controlled and continuous addition of a solution of formaldehyde over a period of 0.5 to 20 hours with a hydrogen pressure between 1 bar and 40 bar and with the temperature of the reaction mass gradually raised during the reduction, the reaction being carried out within the temperature range of 20.degree. C. to 120.degree. C., and wherein a buffering agent is added such that the pH of the reaction mass after reductive methylation is from 6.5 to 9.5.

Abstract: A method for the production of a keto acid having the general formula ##STR1## wherein R1 and R2 independently represent a straight or branched chain alkyl of 1-18 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl of 4-8 carbon atoms or a phenyl, each of which may be substituted by at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of halogen atoms and alkyls having 1-4 carbon atoms, an aralkyl of 7-10 carbon atoms, alkoxyalkyl having 2-20 carbon atoms, tetrahydrofuryl alkyl, alkylcarboxy alkyl, alkylcarboxy benzyl, or R1 and R2 together with the adjacent nitrogen atom may form a heterocyclic ring, or one of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is hydrogen, but R1 and R2 may not simultaneously be methyl or ethyl or benzyl which comprises reacting a m-amino phenol having the general formula ##STR2## wherein R1 and R2 are the same as above, with phthalic anhydride, in an organic solvent in an amount of less than 0.5 parts by weight per part of m-amino phenol.

Abstract: A method for the purification of a keto acid having the general formula ##STR1## wherein R1 and R2 independently represent a straight or branched chain alkyl of 1-18 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl of 4-8 carbon atoms or a phenyl both of which may be substituted by at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of halogen atoms and alkyls having 1-4 carbon atoms, an aralkyl of 7-10 carbon atoms, alkoxyalkyl having 2-20 carbon atoms, tetrahydrofuryl alkyl, alkylcarboxy alkyl, alkyl carboxy benzyl, or R1 and R2 together with the adjacent nitrogen atom may form a heterocyclic ring, or one of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is hydrogen, which comprises slurrying the keto acid with an alcohol solvent, maintaining the slurry at elevated temperature in a sealed vessel until the Rhodamine impurity has dissolved, cooling and isolating the pure keto acid by filtration.

Abstract: A method of producing N,N-disubstituted aminophenols of the general formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are the same or different and each represents a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl, the phenyl ring of which may be further substituted, alkoxyalkyl, or a cycloalkylalkyl, except that R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are not simultaneously methyl and R' represents hydrogen, halogen, nitro, cyano, alkyl or alkoxy, which comprises reacting an aminophenol of general formula ##STR2## wherein R.sub.3 represents hydrogen or R.sub.1, and R' is as defined above, with an organic halide species of general formula R.sub.2 X wherein R.sub.2 is as defined above and X is halogen under aqueous acidic conditions with the periodic addition of an acid trapping agent in such a way that continuous monitoring of pH is not required.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) tube, and more particularly to a PTFE tube for a flexible hose. In particular the invention relates to a PTFE tube having a smooth bore for use in the production of a lined hose assembly farther comprising hose braids, external hose protection and end fittings. The PTFE tube comprises external roots and peaks, which tube is obtainable from a non-convoluted tube having an original wall thickness W0 and an internal diameter ID by a process in which a region of the tube is thinned to provide external convolutions with a root wall thickness W1 characterised in that the convoluted PFTE tube has an improved resistance, of greater than 7.6%, to permeation by comparison with the non-convoluted tube, the comparison being made between tubes of (i) equal nominal bore ID; and (ii) equal weight of PTFE per unit length.