Abstract: A system and method is provided for monitoring and controlling a load disposed at least partially within a model vehicle. Preferred embodiments of the present invention operate in accordance with a load car that includes a load, a motor, and a controller for operating the motor to raise and lower the load. In one embodiment, the controller is configured to monitor at least one metric (e.g., a coal level) and to operate the motor so that the vertical position of the load (e.g., a coal load) is synchronized to the metric. If the metric goes up, then the load is moved (e.g., via the motor) in an upward direction. Alternatively, if the metric goes down, then the load is moved (e.g., via the motor) in a downward direction.

Abstract: A system and method is provided for using load data to control a feature in a model vehicle. In one embodiment of the present invention, a model vehicle includes a controller in communication with a remote control, a motor module, a smoke module, a sound module, and a memory device. While the model vehicle is operated under test conditions, calibration data is collected and stored in the memory device. While the model vehicle is operated under normal conditions, the controller receives a speed step instruction from the remote control and instructs the motor module to operate the motor at a corresponding speed. The data used to propel the model vehicle at the corresponding speed it then provided to the controller, where it is compared to the calibration data to identify a delta therebetween. The delta is then used by the controller to control, for example, the smoke and sound modules.

Abstract: A system and method is provided for monitoring and controlling a load disposed at least partially within a model vehicle. Preferred embodiments of the present invention operate in accordance with a load car that includes a load, a motor, and a controller for operating the motor to raise and lower the load. In one embodiment, the controller is configured to monitor at least one metric (e.g., a coal level) and to operate the motor so that the vertical position of the load (e.g., a coal load) is synchronized to the metric. If the metric goes up, then the load is moved (e.g., via the motor) in an upward direction. Alternatively, if the metric goes down, then the load is moved (e.g., via the motor) in a downward direction.

Abstract: A system and method is provided for powering and/or controlling a plurality of model devices, including at least one model vehicle. In one embodiment of the present invention, the system includes an adjustable transformer in communication with at least a model train. The adjustable transformer is configured to convert an AC voltage into first and second AC output voltages based, respectively, on positions of first and second input devices. The adjustable transformer includes a processor configured to receive input signals from the input devices, and to generate corresponding control signals, which are used by drive circuits to convert an AC voltage into first and second outputs. The processor is further configured to display data concerning the first output on a display, and to replace the data concerning the first output with data concerning the second output if a signal is received from a sensor, indicating that the user has interacted with the second input device.

Abstract: A system and method is provided for using load data to control a feature in a model vehicle. In one embodiment of the present invention, a model vehicle includes a controller in communication with a remote control, a motor module, a smoke module, a sound module, and a memory device. While the model vehicle is operated under test conditions, calibration data is collected and stored in the memory device. While the model vehicle is operated under normal conditions, the controller receives a speed step instruction from the remote control and instructs the motor module to operate the motor at a corresponding speed. The data used to propel the model vehicle at the corresponding speed it then provided to the controller, where it is compared to the calibration data to identify a delta therebetween. The delta is then used by the controller to control, for example, the smoke and sound modules.

Abstract: A system and method is provided for powering and/or controlling a plurality of model devices, including at least one model vehicle. In one embodiment of the present invention, the system includes an adjustable transformer in communication with at least a model train. The adjustable transformer is configured to convert an AC voltage into first and second AC output voltages based, respectively, on positions of first and second input devices. The adjustable transformer includes a processor configured to receive input signals from the input devices, and to generate corresponding control signals, which are used by drive circuits to convert an AC voltage into first and second outputs. The processor is further configured to display data concerning the first output on a display, and to replace the data concerning the first output with data concerning the second output if a signal is received from a sensor, indicating that the user has interacted with the second input device.

Abstract: A system and method is provided for controlling bell movement and/or sound in a model train or other model vehicle. In one embodiment of the present invention, the system includes a user control, a sound subsystem, a bell controller and a bell device. The user control may include a lever, a track, and a plurality of predetermined positions on the track, wherein the lever can be moved by a user to any one of the plurality of predetermined positions. The user control may be configured to transmit at least one bell signal in response to the lever being released from (or moved to) one of the plurality of predetermined positions. The bell controller is configured to receive the bell signal, and to use the bell signal to control at least the bell device. The bell device may include a bell and an electromagnetic device, wherein the bell comprises a permanent magnet and is configured to swing from a bracket.

Abstract: A system and method is provided for substantially synchronizing sound and smoke in a model train or other model vehicle. In one embodiment of the present invention, a sensor is configured to send a signal periodically to a smoke generating device and a controller, wherein the signal is used by the smoke generating device to produce a particular quantity of smoke. The controller is then configured to receive a signal from a motor, wherein the signal includes information that can be used to identify a rotational position of the motor, or a rotational position of an axle in communication with the motor. The controller then uses the signal from the sensor and the signal from the motor to estimate a transmission lime of a next signal from the sensor, wherein the next signal is used by the smoke generating device to produce a next production of smoke.

Abstract: A system and method is provided for controlling bell movement and/or sound in a model train or other model vehicle. In one embodiment of the present invention, the system includes a user control, a sound subsystem, a bell controller and a bell device. The user control may include a lever, a track, and a plurality of predetermined positions on the track, wherein the lever can be moved by a user to any one of the plurality of predetermined positions. The user control may be configured to transmit at least one bell signal in response to the lever being released from (or moved to) one of the plurality of predetermined positions. The bell controller is configured to receive the bell signal, and to use the bell signal to control at least the bell device. The bell device may include a bell and an electromagnetic device, wherein the bell comprises a permanent magnet and is configured to swing from a bracket.

Abstract: An electronic sound chip stores digitized sounds. A PIC processor controls sound card operation, utilizing a free comparator present in the PIC processor that detects variable DC offsets, and thereby activates at least one “voice” or channel of sound. The system self-calibrates on the initial power on, and the calibration values are measured and stored internally in non-volatile storage for later comparison against the DC offset to frequency thresholds. The system detects loss of power, which mutes the audio during power interruptions for seamless model train direction control.

Abstract: A system and method is provided for substantially synchronizing sound and smoke, or the like, in a model train or other model vehicle. In one embodiment of the present invention, a sensor is configured to send a signal periodically to a smoke generating device and a controller, wherein the signal is used by the smoke generating device to produce a particular quantity of smoke. The controller is then configured to receive a signal from a motor, wherein the signal includes information (e.g., a count) that can be used to identify a rotational position of the motor, or a rotational position of an axle in communication with the motor. The controller then uses the signal from the sensor and the signal from the motor to estimate (or predict) a transmission time of a next (or second) signal from the sensor, wherein the next (or second) signal is used by the smoke generating device to produce a next (or second) production of smoke.

Abstract: An integrated controller system for use with existing railroad model accessories and operating cars comprises a miniaturized receiving device having a pulse recovery circuit, a micro-controller decoder circuit, an output driver circuit, and a specialized power distribution circuit. The integrated controller system is adapted for remote programming and control by an existing remote control. Features include remote assignment of programmable voltage and pulse duration, specialized power distribution to sustain brief power interruptions, an integrated antenna for ease of installation, remote programmability for ID and class assignment, Soft Set Technology™, field upgradeable firmware, and very small size.

Abstract: An electronic sound chip stores digitized sounds. A PIC processor controls sound card operation, utilizing a free comparator present in the PIC processor that detects variable DC offsets, and thereby activates at least one “voice” or channel of sound. The system self-calibrates on the initial power on, and the calibration values are measured and stored internally in non-volatile storage for later comparison against the DC offset to frequency thresholds. The system detects loss of power, which mutes the audio during power interruptions for seamless model train direction control.

Abstract: A model train on-board microprocessor provides basic lighting and motor operation and control. A socket provides a seamless instant remote control upgrade using industry standard remote control devices. The device provides new and useful functions and features for more prototypical operation by augmenting the industry standard remote control device capabilities. These new functions and features are made accessible from the remote control device companion transmitter with unique keypad sequences.

Abstract: A hardware assisted memory module (HAMM) is coupled to a conventional computer system. During normal operation of the computer system, the HAMM behaves like a conventional memory module. The HAMM, however, detects and responds to at least one of the following trigger events: 1) power failure, 2) operating system hang-up, or 3) unexpected system reset. Upon detection of a trigger event, the HAMM electronically isolates itself from the host computer system before copying digital information from volatile memory to nonvolatile memory. Once isolated, the HAMM takes its power from an auxiliary power supply. The HAMM can be configured to copy all or part of the digital information to nonvolatile memory. Upon either a request or at power-up, the HAMM copies the digital information from the nonvolatile memory into the volatile memory. If there is a normal computer shutdown, the operating system will first warn the HAMM before shutting down, thus precluding it from performing a backup operation.