Abstract: An apparatus constructed from a combination of a magnetic north orienting lodestone, magnetostrictive ferrogel, and piezoelectric crystals can generate electrical current when exposed to kinetic motion. The apparatus is built in the shape of a geodesic sphere with two sections, an inner sphere with a lodestone in the center surrounded by outward-facing magnets, and an outer sphere with sections of stacked magnetostrictive ferrogel and piezoelectric crystals interspaced with inward-facing magnets. Upon the apparatus being given a kinetic impulse, the inner sphere will orient to magnetic north, which will cause the outward-facing magnets to pass next to stacks of ferrogel/piezoelectric crystals. The ferrogel will react by physically changing in size, imparting an impulse to the piezoelectric crystal, which will in turn release a pulse of electrical current.

Abstract: The microwave quarter-square multiplier uses square law devices in combinon to obtain vector multiplication at microwave frequencies. A sum and difference hybrid provides sum and difference output voltages from two separate inputs. Identical square law devices respond to the sum and difference outputs to provide an algebraic summation as the output difference voltage.