Abstract: A biocompatible electrode formed from an integrated circuit, the electrode comprising: a semiconductor substrate; and an electrode layer at least partially comprising porous valve metal oxide.

Abstract: A client based meta search service server is equipped to pre-provide each of a number of client computers with a meta search function, and a number of complementary search query and search result processing templates for a number of search engines. During operation, each of the client computers would use the meta search function and selected ones of the search query templates to concurrently and separately submit a number of search queries to the search engines. The client computer would further use corresponding ones of the search result processing templates to process the search results separately returned by the search engines to extract selected portions of the returned search results for display. As a result, the client computers may operationally conduct meta searches on their own without operational dependency on other servers, including the service server.