Abstract: Methods and products are disclosed for adapting fragmented nucleic acids for next generation sequencing, including providing numerical codes based on variable adapter lengths for the strand and the fragment, respectively, of the fragmented nucleic acids. The methods and products allow for the amplification of the fragmented nucleic acids when there is a low yield of isolated fragmented nucleic acids and also for efficient and reliable detection of low-frequency mutations including in subpopulations of cells within a subject.

Abstract: Methods and products are disclosed for adapting fragmented nucleic acids for next generation sequencing, including providing numerical codes based on variable adapter lengths for the strand and the fragment, respectively, of the fragmented nucleic acids. The methods and products allow for the amplification of the fragmented nucleic acids when there is a low yield of isolated fragmented nucleic acids and also for efficient and reliable detection of low-frequency mutations including in subpopulations of cells within a subject.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for adding adapters to fragmented nucleic acids for next generation sequencing, including providing numerical codes based on variable adapter molecular barcode lengths on both sides of the fragmented nucleic acids and identifying reads from the same fragment based on both barcodes. The methods and products allow for the amplification of the fragmented nucleic acids when there is a low yield of isolated fragmented nucleic acids and also for efficient and reliable detection of low-frequency mutations including in subpopulations of cells within a subject.

Abstract: A device and method for monitoring alleles in samples may involve obtaining lists of variants with support metrics from the samples, reconciling and combining the variant information into a single list with support metrics, transmitting the combined list to a dynamic user interface, selecting markers of interest based on user criteria from the interface, and generating an interpretation and displaying metrics based on user-defined parameters. The method may streamline the process of analyzing genetic data by consolidating variant information, facilitating user interaction through a dynamic interface, and providing customizable interpretation options for efficient and user-friendly allele monitoring.

Abstract: Provided may be a computer-implemented method for estimating a tumor fraction in a patient sample, comprising the steps of obtaining a catalog of tumor specific variants and whole genome sequencing data from the patient sample. Further, the method may comprise aligning reads to a reference genome; determining a measure of the signal supporting the presence, in the patient sample read alignment file, of variants in the catalog of tumor specific variants; and determining a measure of the noise associated with variants similar to variants in the catalog of tumor specific variants in the patient sample read alignment file. The method may comprise estimating, over iterations, k, the fraction of tumor (eTF) DNA in the patient sample given the measure of the signal and the measure of the noise at all tumor specific positions; and generating a final eTF and a list of somatic variants in the patient sample.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method may obtain variant calling data for the tumor sample. The method may identify, in the variant calling data and in view of at least one population database, a list of germline variants for the tumor sample along each chromosome. The method may identify, in the variant calling data, a list of candidate somatic variants. The method may filter out likely germline variants from the list of candidate somatic variants to retain only likely somatic variants, filtering out the likely germline variants further comprising the steps of estimating a probability of each candidate somatic variant i being a germline variant (“Pgermline(i)”); and determine whether a candidate somatic variant i is germline or somatic, to retain only the likely somatic variants in the list of candidate somatic variants, determining the tumor mutational burden (TMB) value for the tumor sample.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for adding adapters to fragmented nucleic acids for next generation sequencing, including providing numerical codes based on variable adapter molecular barcode lengths on both sides of the fragmented nucleic acids and identifying reads from the same fragment based on both barcodes. The methods and products allow for the amplification of the fragmented nucleic acids when there is a low yield of isolated fragmented nucleic acids and also for efficient and reliable detection of low-frequency mutations including in subpopulations of cells within a subject.

Abstract: A genomic data analyzer may process the next generation sequencing data of a patient sample to identify whether a variant is present (positive variant calling), absent at a high confidence (negative variant calling), or equivocal (possible false negative calling) as falling under a calculated limit of detection (LOD). This LOD estimate corresponds the lowest variant allele fraction (VAF) detectable at the required sensitivity (true positive rate). The presently disclosed genomic data analyzer may improve any legacy variant caller by automatically calculating the limitations of variant calling detection for a user-defined sensitivity and minimal VAF of interest for any variant genomic position and/or mutation, depending on analytical factors of the NGS assay and workflow such as the sample type, the DNA sample amount and the NGS assay library conversion rate (LCR), and/or its molecular barcoding capability, as well as its NGS assay error profile.