Abstract: Apparatus and method establish quantum oscillations at room temperature. A cavity has therein a resonator structure that includes a resonant element and a gain medium. A species of the gain medium has an electronic spin multiplicity capable of supporting a two-level spin system. An optical pump pumps the resonator structure and thereby generates microwave output power through stimulated emission of thermal photons. The species of the gain medium is of a sufficiently high concentration such as to have an ensemble spin-photon coupling rate which exceeds both the cavity mode decay rate and the spin-spin decoherence rate. The optical pump pumps the resonator structure using a short pulse of nanosecond duration, or a burst of approximately a millisecond in duration at relatively low instantaneous optical power, to excite said species of the gain medium into a spin-polarized two-level system that exhibits quantum oscillations in the microwave output power.

Abstract: Apparatus and method establish quantum oscillations at room temperature. A cavity has therein a resonator structure that includes a resonant element and a gain medium. A species of the gain medium has an electronic spin multiplicity capable of supporting a two-level spin system. An optical pump pumps the resonator structure and thereby generates microwave output power through stimulated emission of thermal photons. The species of the gain medium is of a sufficiently high concentration such as to have an ensemble spin-photon coupling rate which exceeds both the cavity mode decay rate and the spin-spin decoherence rate. The optical pump pumps the resonator structure using a short pulse of nanosecond duration, or a burst of approximately a millisecond in duration at relatively low instantaneous optical power, to excite said species of the gain medium into a spin-polarized two-level system that exhibits quantum oscillations in the microwave output power.

Abstract: A device for, and a method of, generating stimulated emission of microwave or radio frequency electromagnetic radiation, utilize a resonator structure, an input source of microwave or radio frequency electromagnetic radiation to be amplified, and an input of energy arranged to pump the resonator structure and thereby cause amplification of the electromagnetic radiation. The configuration of the resonator structure and/or the materials used in its construction give rise to an increase in the magnetic Purcell factor of the resonator structure.

Abstract: A device for, and a method of, generating stimulated emission of microwave or radio frequency electromagnetic radiation, utilize a resonator structure, an input source of microwave or radio frequency electromagnetic radiation to be amplified, and an input of energy arranged to pump the resonator structure and thereby cause amplification of the electromagnetic radiation. The configuration of the resonator structure and/or the materials used in its construction give rise to an increase in the magnetic Purcell factor of the resonator structure.