Abstract: A multi-region lighting system for flat illumination with color balancing includes one or more light sources and an optic. The optic includes a first ridge structure. The first ridge structure is disposed in a first region at a center of the optic. The first region is for diverging light in an outward direction from the center. A second ridge structure is disposed in a second region at an outer portion of the optic for directing light downward using total internal reflection, where a direction from the one or more light sources toward the optic defines a downward direction.

Abstract: A multi-region lighting system for flat illumination includes one or more light sources and an optic. The optic comprises a first region characterized by a first refractive-index feature and a second region characterized by a second refractive-index feature. The second region comprises a ridge structure. The first and second refractive-index features and the ridge structure are operative to produce a composite light distribution from the one or more light sources.

Abstract: Portable external gravity-based devices and methods for regulating cerebral spinal fluid drainage from brain, tissue or organs of a patient, and methods for reducing secondary brain injury to a patient by externally regulating the amount of gravity-based cerebral spinal fluid drainage from brain or spine are provided by this invention.