Abstract: Provided is a packaging device for a compact batch of at least two grouped containers and methods of packaging containers in a batch using such a device. The device includes a strip, the strip having an inner face, an outer face and two longitudinal edges. The packaging device forms a belt surrounding the containers or a handle for handling the batch. At least one of the longitudinal edges is folded against one of the faces, of the strip so as to form at least one fold.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed, in certain embodiments, to a flow cell battery system. A battery management system detects that a first power module and a second power module located adjacent to the first power module are operating at different states of charge. After determining that the second power module is at the lower state of charge than the first power module, a negative-side switch associated with the second power module is adjusted to an open position, thereby preventing flow of electrical current from a negative terminal of the second power module to electrical ground.

Abstract: Provided is a flow battery that includes a first electrochemical cell. The first electrochemical cell includes a separator and a first half-cell. The first half-cell includes a first electrode and a first bipolar plate. The first bipolar plate includes a first active side comprising a first inner plate subflow architecture configured to receive a first electrolyte, and a second active side positioned opposite the first active side, the second active side comprising a second inner plate subflow architecture configured to receive a second electrolyte. The first inner plate subflow architecture is different than the second inner plate subflow architecture.

Abstract: Provided are flow batteries that include a fluidic train within a dynamic fluidic network system which fluidic train is convertible between a first state and a second state, the first state the first state placing a main electrolyte source and a dynamic fluidic network, outside the fluidic train and an electrode region, into fluid communication with the electrode region and the second state placing the main electrolyte source and the dynamic fluidic network, outside the fluidic train and the electrode region, into fluid isolation from the electrode region and placing the electrode region into fluid communication with a sampling segment. Also provided are methods of operating flow batteries.

Abstract: Provided are flow batteries that include a fluidic train within a dynamic fluidic network system which fluidic train is convertible between a first state and a second state, the first state the first state placing a main electrolyte source and a dynamic fluidic network, outside the fluidic train and an electrode region, into fluid communication with the electrode region and the second state placing the main electrolyte source and the dynamic fluidic network, outside the fluidic train and the electrode region, into fluid isolation from the electrode region and placing the electrode region into fluid communication with a sampling segment. Also provided are methods of operating flow batteries.

Abstract: Provided are flow batteries that include a fluidic train within a dynamic fluidic network system which fluidic train is convertible between a first state and a second state, the first state the first state placing a main electrolyte source and a dynamic fluidic network, outside the fluidic train and an electrode region, into fluid communication with the electrode region and the second state placing the main electrolyte source and the dynamic fluidic network, outside the fluidic train and the electrode region, into fluid isolation from the electrode region and placing the electrode region into fluid communication with a sampling segment. Also provided are methods of operating flow batteries.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed, in certain embodiments, to a flow cell battery system. A battery management system detects that a first power module and a second power module located adjacent to the first power module are operating at different states of charge. After determining that the second power module is at the lower state of charge than the first power module, a negative-side switch associated with the second power module is adjusted to an open position, thereby preventing flow of electrical current from a negative terminal of the second power module to electrical ground.

Abstract: A manipulative device may include a revolving body, having a first perimeter, and a housing. The housing may comprise a retaining body, having a second perimeter, and the revolving body may be removably coupled to the housing via a magnetic attraction between the revolving body and the retaining body. A channel may be formed into the housing. The first perimeter may be movably received in the channel, and the first perimeter may be retained in the channel via the magnetic attraction between the revolving body and the retaining body. Optionally, the housing may comprise a receptacle which may be shaped to receive portions of the revolving body. A user may manipulate the revolving body and housing in one hand, experiencing both the attraction forces and the repelling forces of magnetically attracted objects thus achieving relief from boredom and anxiety or more focused thought and calm in meditation.

Abstract: Lignin-based electrolytes and flow battery cells and systems for use with lignin-based electrolytes are disclosed.

Abstract: A manipulative device may include a revolving body, having a first perimeter, and a housing. The housing may comprise a retaining body, having a second perimeter, and the revolving body may be removably coupled to the housing via a magnetic attraction between the revolving body and the retaining body. A channel may be formed into the housing. The first perimeter may be movably received in the channel, and the first perimeter may be retained in the channel via the magnetic attraction between the revolving body and the retaining body. Optionally, the housing may comprise a receptacle which may be shaped to receive portions of the revolving body. A user may manipulate the revolving body and housing in one hand, experiencing both the attraction forces and the repelling forces of magnetically attracted objects thus achieving relief from boredom and anxiety or more focused thought and calm in meditation.

Abstract: Lignin-based electrolytes and flow battery cells and systems for use with lignin-based electrolytes are disclosed.