Abstract: Anodes having high top layer sphericity may include a first active material layer including a plurality of first active material particles having a first particle sphericity and a first particle size layered onto and directly contacting a current collector, and a second active material layer including a plurality of second active material particles having a second particle sphericity and a second particle size layered onto and directly contacting the first layer. The second particle sphericity is greater than the first particle sphericity. In some examples, the second particle size is greater than the first particle size.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell including a positive electrode (e.g., a cathode) and a negative electrode (e.g., an anode), at least one of which includes an integrated ceramic separator. An integrated ceramic separator may include a plurality of ceramic particles. In some examples, an interlocking region may be disposed between the integrated ceramic separator layer and a corresponding electrode layer, the region including a non-planar boundary between the two layers. In some examples, the electrochemical cell includes a polyolefin separator disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. In some examples, both the positive electrode and the negative electrode include an integrated ceramic separator. In these examples, the positive electrode and the negative electrode may be calendered together such that the integrated separator layers merge and become indistinguishable from each other.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell including a positive electrode (e.g., a cathode) and a negative electrode (e.g., an anode), at least one of which includes an integrated ceramic separator. An integrated ceramic separator may include a plurality of ceramic particles. In some examples, an interlocking region may be disposed between the integrated ceramic separator layer and a corresponding electrode layer, the region including a non-planar boundary between the two layers. In some examples, the electrochemical cell includes a polyolefin separator disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. In some examples, both the positive electrode and the negative electrode include an integrated ceramic separator. In these examples, the positive electrode and the negative electrode may be calendered together such that the integrated separator layers merge and become indistinguishable from each other.

Abstract: Electrochemical cells of the present disclosure may include one or more multilayered electrodes. One or both multilayered electrodes may be configured such that a second layer farther from the current collector has a higher resistance to densification than a first layer closer to the current collector. This may be achieved by including a plurality of non-active ceramic particles in the second layer. Accordingly, calendering of the electrode results in a greater compression of the first layer, and a beneficial porosity profile is created. This may improve the ionic conductivity of the electrode, as compared with known systems.

Abstract: Electrochemical cells of the present disclosure may include one or more multilayered electrodes. Each multilayered electrode may be configured such that active materials of the layer closest to the current collector have a lower energy to lithiate per mole, a higher energy to delithiate per mole, a different solid state diffusivity, and/or a different average particle size. This arrangement counteracts, for example, natural gradient fields and undesirable polarization found in standard lithium-ion batteries.

Abstract: An electrode including an integrated separator for use in an electrochemical device may include one or more active material layers, and a separator layer comprising inorganic particles. An interlocking region may couple the separator layer to an adjacent active material layer. In some examples, the interlocking region may include interlocking fingers formed by an interpenetration of active material particles of the active material layers with ceramic particles of the separator.

Abstract: An electrode including an integrated separator for use in an electrochemical device may include one or more active material layers, and a separator layer comprising inorganic particles. An interlocking region may couple the separator layer to an adjacent active material layer. In some examples, the interlocking region may include interlocking fingers formed by an interpenetration of active material particles of the active material layers with ceramic particles of the separator.

Abstract: Anodes having high top layer sphericity may include a first active material layer including a plurality of first active material particles having a first particle sphericity and a first particle size layered onto and directly contacting a current collector, and a second active material layer including a plurality of second active material particles having a second particle sphericity and a second particle size layered onto and directly contacting the first layer. The second particle sphericity is greater than the first particle sphericity. In some examples, the second particle size is greater than the first particle size.

Abstract: Anodes having high top layer sphericity may include a first active material layer including a plurality of first active material particles having a first particle sphericity and a first particle size layered onto and directly contacting a current collector, and a second active material layer including a plurality of second active material particles having a second particle sphericity and a second particle size layered onto and directly contacting the first layer. The second particle sphericity is greater than the first particle sphericity. In some examples, the second particle size is greater than the first particle size.

Abstract: A cathode including a current collector, a first layer including a first active material composite disposed on the current collector, a second layer including a second active material composite disposed on the first layer, and a separator disposed on the second layer. The first and second active material composites include particles have tailored crystallinities to improve cathode stability and performance. In some examples, the first active material composite includes more polycrystalline active material particles than the second active material layer.

Abstract: Electrochemical cells of the present disclosure may include one or more multilayered electrodes. Each multilayered electrode may be configured such that active materials of the layer closest to the current collector have a lower energy to lithiate per mole, a higher energy to delithiate per mole, a different solid state diffusivity, and/or a different average particle size. This arrangement counteracts, for example, natural gradient fields and undesirable polarization found in standard lithium-ion batteries.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell including a positive electrode (e.g., a cathode) and a negative electrode (e.g., an anode), at least one of which includes an integrated ceramic separator. An integrated ceramic separator may include a plurality of ceramic particles. In some examples, an interlocking region may be disposed between the integrated ceramic separator layer and a corresponding electrode layer, the region including a non-planar boundary between the two layers. In some examples, the electrochemical cell includes a polyolefin separator disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. In some examples, both the positive electrode and the negative electrode include an integrated ceramic separator. In these examples, the positive electrode and the negative electrode may be calendered together such that the integrated separator layers merge and become indistinguishable from each other.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell including a positive electrode (e.g., a cathode) and a negative electrode (e.g., an anode), at least one of which includes an integrated ceramic separator. An integrated ceramic separator may include a plurality of ceramic particles. In some examples, an interlocking region may be disposed between the integrated ceramic separator layer and a corresponding electrode layer, the region including a non-planar boundary between the two layers. In some examples, the electrochemical cell includes a polyolefin separator disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. In some examples, both the positive electrode and the negative electrode include an integrated ceramic separator. In these examples, the positive electrode and the negative electrode may be calendered together such that the integrated separator layers merge and become indistinguishable from each other.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell including a positive electrode (e.g., a cathode) and a negative electrode (e.g., an anode), at least one of which includes an integrated ceramic separator. An integrated ceramic separator may include a plurality of ceramic particles. In some examples, an interlocking region may be disposed between the integrated ceramic separator layer and a corresponding electrode layer, the region including a non-planar boundary between the two layers. In some examples, the electrochemical cell includes a polyolefin separator disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. In some examples, both the positive electrode and the negative electrode include an integrated ceramic separator. In these examples, the positive electrode and the negative electrode may be calendered together such that the integrated separator layers merge and become indistinguishable from each other.

Abstract: Electrochemical cells of the present disclosure may include one or more multilayered electrodes. Each multilayered electrode may be configured such that active materials of the layer closest to the current collector have a lower energy to lithiate per mole, a higher energy to delithiate per mole, a different solid state diffusivity, and/or a different average particle size. This arrangement counteracts, for example, natural gradient fields and undesirable polarization found in standard lithium-ion batteries.

Abstract: An electrode including conduction channels includes at least one electrode layer layered onto a current collector, the electrode layer including a plurality of active material particles and a plurality of high aspect ratio components. The high aspect ratio components are configured to provide ion conduction channels through the electrode layer. In some examples, the electrode may include two or more electrode layers, at least one of which includes high aspect ratio components. In some examples, the high aspect ratio components may be oriented transverse to the current collector to provide ion transport through a first electrode layer to a second electrode layer.

Abstract: Electrochemical cells of the present disclosure may include one or more multilayered electrodes. One or both multilayered electrodes may be configured such that a second layer farther from the current collector has a higher resistance to densification than a first layer closer to the current collector. This may be achieved by including a plurality of non-active ceramic particles in the second layer. Accordingly, calendering of the electrode results in a greater compression of the first layer, and a beneficial porosity profile is created. This may improve the ionic conductivity of the electrode, as compared with known systems.

Abstract: An electrode including an integrated separator for use in an electrochemical device may include one or more active material layers, and a separator layer comprising inorganic particles. An interlocking region may couple the separator layer to an adjacent active material layer. In some examples, the interlocking region may include interlocking fingers formed by an interpenetration of active material particles of the active material layers with ceramic particles of the separator.

Abstract: Electrochemical cells of the present disclosure may include one or more multilayered electrodes. One or both multilayered electrodes may be configured such that a second layer farther from the current collector has a higher resistance to densification than a first layer closer to the current collector. This may be achieved by including a plurality of non-active ceramic particles in the second layer. Accordingly, calendering of the electrode results in a greater compression of the first layer, and a beneficial porosity profile is created. This may improve the ionic conductivity of the electrode, as compared with known systems.

Abstract: An electrode including an integrated separator for use in an electrochemical device may include one or more active material layers, and a separator layer comprising inorganic particles. An interlocking region may couple the separator layer to an adjacent active material layer. In some examples, the interlocking region may include interlocking fingers formed by an interpenetration of active material particles of the active material layers with ceramic particles of the separator.