Abstract: Soil, contaminated with radioactive material such as uranium, is treated to remove the radioactive contaminant. The soil is first pre-processed to remove and clean oversized particles for release back to the environment as recovered soil. Pre-processing also includes removal of metallic uranium from the soil by gravimetric separation for off-site disposal. An aqueous slurry is formed from the pre-processed feed which is fed to a mechanical separation device. Particles greater than 10 mesh are crushed to provide a uniform feed slurry. The slurry is processed in an aqueous leaching solution of sulfuric acid, hydrogen peroxide and iron to remove uranium. Particulate matter is removed from the acidic slurry; the remaining fine particulate matter is then submitted to a second-stage leaching to remove residual uranium. Uranium is recovered from the combined leaching solutions by either a two-stage precipitation process or by passage over an ion-exchange material.