Abstract: A phase-modulated signal such as a quadrature phase-shift-keyed (QPSK) signal in a wireless communication system is demodulated using sample timing based at least in part on frequency information generated by frequency demodulating the phase-modulated signal. The phase-modulated signal is separated into first and second portions, the first portion is phase demodulated to generate demodulated symbols, and the second portion is frequency demodulated to generate, e.g., a measure of the instantaneous frequency of the phase-modulated signal. The instantaneous frequency measure is processed to identify one or more symbol transitions, and the identified transitions are used to establish the sample timing such that proper sampling of the symbols is ensured.

Abstract: A method for locating a mobile unit without synchronizing base-stations is provided. A triangulation scheme where distances between a plurality of base-stations and a mobile unit (herein termed mobile) are calculated by measuring at least three round-trip-delay-values wherein each round-trip-delay-value corresponds to transmission of a downlink signal from each base-station to the mobile unit and transmission of an uplink signal, in response to the downlink signal, from the mobile unit to each base-station is described. It is a low-cost solution without requiring the participating base-stations to be accurately synchronized in time and with the added advantages of utilizing a known downlink signal and a known uplink signal in determining the position of the mobile.