Abstract: A method and system for establishing and managing a unified interface for a plurality of cloud networked databases are provided herein. The method may include: establishing a unified interface for a plurality of cloud networked databases, each database configured to store content associated with a plurality of accounts, each account being further associated with at least one user; linking content of similar accounts at different databases, to create a cumulative account, wherein similar accounts being accounts associated with same users or having indicated as associated therewith; and providing a unified view of all content associated with a specified cumulative account, responsive to a single data query from a user associated with the cumulative account.

Abstract: A communication system including: a P2MP root device, configured to communicate with multiple P2MP user-end devices over a shared network accessible to each of the P2MP user-end devices; and multiple adaptors, each being connected between a first pan and a second part of a respective Pt2Pt communication line, and also connected to the P2MP root communication device by a respective P2MP communication line. Each of the adaptors is configured to: transfer Pt2Pt electric signals of Pt2Pt communication between the first and the second parts of the respective Pt2Pt communication line; transfer P2MP electric signals of P2MP communication between the second part of the respective Pt2Pt communication line and the respective P2MP communication line; and passively convert between the P2MP electric signals which are transferred over the respective P2MP communication line and the P2MP electric signals of the P2MP communication transferred over the second part of the respective Pt2Pt communication line.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for implementing: a rings architecture for communications and data handling systems; an enumeration process for automatically configuring the ring topology; automatic routing of messages through bridges; extending a ring topology to external devices; write-ahead functionality to promote efficiency; wait-till-reset operation resumption; in-vivo scan through rings topology; staggered clocking arrangement; and stray message detection and eradication. Other inventive elements conveyed include: an architectural overview of a packet processor; a programming model for a packet processor; an instruction pipeline for a packet processor; and use of a packet processor as a module on a rings-based architecture.

Abstract: An application programming interface (API) between user applications or other control applications and User to Network Interface (UNI) signaling software. The API provides an intelligent and flexible programming interface which enables higher layer software such as user application software to set up and tear down ATM connections more efficiently. The API provides an efficient method of activating the standard signaling procedures such as UNI signaling as compared to the prior art method. Shared sets of parameters defining the setting up and the tearing down of calls are predefined by the user or provided as defaults by the API itself. Instead of requiring a user application to specify every single call related parameter, only the set of predefined parameters needs to be identified which significantly increases the throughput of the underlying signaling stack. Since the predefined sets of parameters are already encoded, the time required to process the call parameters is greatly reduced.

Abstract: A novel method of calculating and enforcing user traffic parameters on an ATM network is disclosed. The method of the present invention provides very accurate calculation results for the amount of bandwidth consumed by an application. The method can be utilized to limit both the average traffic rate and the maximum burst rate of an application. The disclosed method achieves high efficiency by requiring minimal intervention from a processor and by requiring only additions and subtractions with no multiplications or divisions for its core operations.