Abstract: The present invention relates to a windshield monitoring system, comprising; a windshield (104) for a vehicle (100); a plurality of light emitters (108) forming an array, each emitter (108) arranged to direct a beam of light into an edge of the windshield (104) at an angle of incidence arranged to subject the beam of light to total internal reflection at a windshield to air interface to propagate the beam of light across the windshield to an opposing edge thereof, and the angle of incidence being arranged to refract the light beam away from the windshield at a windshield to contaminant interface; the system comprising a light detector arranged to detect that light from the beam of light has been refracted away from the windshield; and wherein the emitters (108) are separated substantially across a length of the windshield (104).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a windshield monitoring system. The windshield monitoring system comprises; a windshield (114) and an emitter (122) arranged to emit a sound pulse to induce a surface acoustic wave (SAW) to a surface of the windshield (114). The windshield monitoring system also comprises a sensor (124) arranged to receive the surface acoustic wave from the windshield (114) and a detection module (130) arranged to detect the presence of surface contamination (120) by attenuation in intensity of the received wave compared to an expected wave.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds useful as inhibitors of PI3K, particularly of PI3K?. The invention also provides pharmaceutically acceptable compositions comprising said compounds and methods of using the compositions in the treatment of various disease, conditions, or disorders.

Abstract: The present invention overcomes the limits of activated carbons, ion exchange resin beads and fibers, and liquid form ion exchangers for acid, base, or VOCs gases removal by providing a filtration assembly for the filtration of chemical contaminants and particulates from an air or gas stream, the assembly having a low pressure-drop structure. The filtration assembly includes a low-pressure drop chemical filter, a low-pressure drop particulate filter, and an air transportation device, such as a fan or blower, all combined in a housing.